Tyre and Carthage Sanctuaries: Phoenician and Punic Temple Economies (c.900–146 BCE)

1. Tyre’s Melqart sanctuary anchors city economy

   Jan 1, 900 BCELabels: Melqart sanctuary, Tyre, Phoenician cult

   • Britannica

2. Carthage founded as Tyrian colonial city

   Jan 1, 814 BCELabels: Carthage, Tyre colonists, Phoenician network

   • Oxford HB
   • Phoenicia

3. Sanctuary of Tanit (Tophet) develops at Carthage

   Jan 1, 750 BCELabels: Tophet, Tanit sanctuary, Carthage

   • Harvard
   • KNMY

4. Tyrian purple trade strengthens Tyre’s sanctuary-linked wealth

   Jan 1, 700 BCELabels: Tyrian purple, Tyre, Dye industry

   • NatGeo
   • Tyrian purple

5. Carthage becomes central Mediterranean power

   Jan 1, 550 BCELabels: Carthage, Baal Hammon, Punic state

   • Oxford HB
   • Carthage

6. Herodotus describes Tyre’s Melqart sanctuary

   Jan 1, 450 BCELabels: Herodotus, Melqart sanctuary, Tyre

   • Livius

7. Alexander besieges and captures Tyre

   Jul 1, 332 BCELabels: Alexander the, Siege of, Tyre

   • Livius
   • Siege Tyre

8. Carthage’s harbor system supports trade administration

   Jan 1, 300 BCELabels: Carthage harbor, Cothon, Logistics

   • Cothon

9. First Punic War begins Carthage–Rome rivalry

   Jan 1, 264 BCELabels: First Punic, Carthage, Rome

   • Punic Wars

10. Rome’s 201 BCE treaty limits Carthage’s power

    Jan 1, 201 BCELabels: Roman treaty, Carthage, Indemnity

    • Second Punic

11. Third Punic War brings siege of Carthage

    Jan 1, 149 BCELabels: Third Punic, Siege of, Rome

    • Britannica
    • Siege Carthage

12. Carthage destroyed; Punic sanctuary economy ends

    Jan 1, 146 BCELabels: Destruction of, Punic sanctuaries, Rome

    • Britannica
    • Third Punic