Transfer of the Italian Capital: Turin to Florence to Rome (1861–1871)

1. Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Turin becomes capital

   Mar 17, 1861Labels: Kingdom of, Turin

   • Britannica
   • Turin Timeline

2. September Convention commits Italy to move capital

   Sep 15, 1864Labels: September Convention, France

   • September Convention
   • Britannica Italy

3. Turin protests turn deadly in the Turin Massacre

   Sep 21, 1864Labels: Turin Massacre, Turin

   • Turin Massacre

4. Law orders transfer of the capital to Florence

   Dec 11, 1864Labels: Law no, Florence

   • Gazzetta Ufficiale
   • Giustizia it

5. Florence officially becomes capital of Italy

   Feb 3, 1865Labels: Florence, Firenze capitale

   • Firenze Capitale

6. Poggi delivers Florence expansion plan for capital needs

   Feb 18, 1865Labels: Giuseppe Poggi, Florence

   • TuscanyPeople
   • FFC Project

7. Palazzo Vecchio serves as provisional seat of government

   May 1, 1865Labels: Palazzo Vecchio, Florence

   • Palazzo Vecchio
   • FFC Project

8. Third Italian War of Independence heightens strategic urgency

   Jun 20, 1866Labels: Third Italian, Austria

   • Britannica
   • Britannica Italy

9. French garrison withdraws from Rome (temporary)

   Dec 1, 1866Labels: French garrison, Rome

   • Napoleon org
   • September Convention

10. Italian forces capture Rome at Porta Pia

    Sep 20, 1870Labels: Porta Pia, Italian forces

    • Britannica Rome
    • Capture of Rome

11. Rome annexation confirmed by plebiscite

    Oct 2, 1870Labels: Plebiscite, Rome

    • Capture of Rome
    • Britannica Rome

12. Rome officially designated capital of the Kingdom of Italy

    Feb 3, 1871Labels: Rome, Kingdom of

    • Capture of Rome
    • Firenze Capitale

13. Law of Guarantees attempts to regulate pope–state relations

    May 13, 1871Labels: Law of, Pope Pius

    • Britannica