Todar Mal's revenue reforms and the zabt system (1573–1589)

1. Ten-year data window begins for Dahsala rates

   Jan 1, 1570Labels: Dahsala regulations, Decennial window

   • Todar Mal
   • Britannica Akbar

2. Akbar conquers Gujarat; Todar Mal deployed

   Jan 1, 1573Labels: Gujarat conquest, Todar Mal

   • Gujarat Akbar
   • Dahsala

3. Shift toward systematic assessment and documentation

   Jan 1, 1574Labels: Revenue assessment, Record-based administration

   • Britannica Akbar
   • Revenue admin

4. Zabt framework consolidated: measurement-based assessment

   Jan 1, 1575Labels: Zabt system, Measurement assessment

   • Britannica Akbar
   • Mughal admin

5. Standardized land measurement using jarib adopted

   Jan 1, 1578Labels: Jarib standard, Land measurement

   • Dahsala
   • Mughal admin

6. Ain-i-Dahsala (Ten-Year) regulations completed

   Jan 1, 1580Labels: Ain-i-Dahsala, Decennial regulations

   • Dahsala
   • Britannica Akbar

7. Cash rate schedules (dastur) prepared by locality

   Jan 1, 1580Labels: Dastur schedules, Local rates

   • Britannica Akbar
   • Mughal admin

8. Fourfold land classification system standardized

   Jan 1, 1580Labels: Land classification, Polaj system

   • Dahsala
   • Mughal admin

9. Implementation concentrated in surveyed, core provinces

   Jan 1, 1581Labels: Surveyed provinces, Regional implementation

   • Mughal admin
   • Britannica Akbar

10. Todar Mal’s role as senior finance official emphasized

    Jan 1, 1582Labels: Todar Mal, Finance official

    • Todar Mal
    • Dahsala

11. Revenue administration staffed through layered record-keepers

    Jan 1, 1585Labels: Revenue staff, Qanungo patwari

    • Todar Mal
    • Mughal admin

12. Todar Mal dies; reforms remain institutionalized

    Nov 8, 1589Labels: Todar Mal, Institutionalized reforms

    • Todar Mal
    • Britannica Akbar