The Florin: minting, circulation and international adoption (1252–1500)

1. Florence authorizes a new gold florin

   Jan 1, 1252Labels: Florence, Gold Florin

   • MAN Museum
   • Manchester Hive
   • Brepols

2. Standard design and purity established

   Jan 1, 1252Labels: Florentine Mint, Coin Design

   • Yale Gallery
   • Wikipedia Italy
   • Northwestern

3. Florin spreads through Mediterranean trade networks

   Jan 1, 1270Labels: Mediterranean Trade, Florin Circulation

   • MAN Museum
   • Wikipedia Italy
   • ANS paper

4. Venice introduces the gold ducat as a rival standard

   Jan 1, 1284Labels: Venice, Gold Ducat

   • Palazzo Ducale
   • Wikipedia Sequin
   • ANS paper

5. Other states begin issuing florin imitations

   Jan 1, 1300Labels: Imitation Coins, European States

   • MAN Museum
   • Moruzzi
   • Brepols

6. Florin model adopted in Central Europe (Hungary)

   Jan 1, 1325Labels: Hungary, Forint Florin

   • Numista
   • Moruzzi
   • Wikipedia Italy

7. English “florin” experiment targets European trade

   Jan 27, 1344Labels: England, Edward III

   • Wikipedia English
   • British Museum
   • NNP WUSTL

8. Crown of Aragon adopts florin for major payments

   Jan 1, 1346Labels: Crown of, Aragonese Florin

   • MAN Museum
   • Wikipedia Aragon

9. Florence issues a larger “galley florin” for Levant trade

   Jan 1, 1422Labels: Galley Florin, Levant Trade

   • Gutenberg Villari

10. Venetian ducat increasingly overtakes florin in prestige

    Jan 1, 1450Labels: Venetian Ducat, Monetary Prestige

    • MAN Museum
    • Palazzo Ducale
    • Wikipedia Sequin

11. Florin remains a key accounting reference into 1500

    Jan 1, 1500Labels: Accounting Unit, Florentine Money

    • Wikipedia Italy
    • Gutenberg Villari

12. Long-run minting ends; florin legacy becomes international

    Dec 31, 1500Labels: Florin Legacy, Minting End

    • Wikipedia Italy
    • Brepols
    • MAN Museum