Taxation and fiscal reform: from Ottoman tax farms to the Republican fiscal state (1839–1930)

1. Gülhane Edict mandates regularized taxation

   Nov 3, 1839Labels: G lhane, Tanzimat

   • Britannica
   • Edict

2. Iltizam tax farming officially abolished

   Jan 1, 1856Labels: Iltizam, Ottoman government

   • Britannica
   • Iltizam

3. Imperial Reform Edict extends equality principles

   Feb 18, 1856Labels: Islahat Ferman, Tanzimat

   • Britannica
   • Reform Edict

4. Ottoman Land Code requires land registration

   Jan 1, 1858Labels: Land Code, land registration

   • Land Code
   • Berkeley Law

5. Vilayet Law restructures provincial administration

   Nov 8, 1864Labels: Vilayet Law, provincial administration

   • Vilayet Law

6. Ottoman government declares debt moratorium

   Oct 1, 1875Labels: Ottoman government, debt moratorium

   • Ottoman Debt

7. Salt revenue pledged to creditors via Rüsum-u Sitte

   Jan 1, 1879Labels: R sum-u, salt revenue

   • Tuz Resmi

8. Muharrem Decree establishes Ottoman Public Debt Administration

   Dec 20, 1881Labels: Muharrem Decree, Public Debt

   • TDV A
   • Muharram

9. Régie tobacco monopoly created under debt regime

   Jan 1, 1883Labels: R gie, Ottoman Tobacco

   • Tobacco Co
   • Tuz Resmi

10. Treaty of Lausanne abolishes capitulations

    Jul 24, 1923Labels: Treaty of, Republic of

    • Lausanne
    • Britannica

11. Agricultural tithe (aşar) abolished in Turkey

    Feb 17, 1925Labels: A ar, Republican reforms

    • Ashar
    • T rkal 2011

12. Final agreement reached on Ottoman debt allocation

    Jun 13, 1928Labels: Debt allocation, successor states

    • Ottoman Debt
    • Lausanne