Taifa kingdoms and the fragmentation of al-Andalus (1031–1091)

1. Caliphate of Córdoba dissolves into taifas

   Jan 1, 1031Labels: Caliphate of, Taifas

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

2. Dozens of rival taifa states consolidate

   Jan 1, 1035Labels: Seville, Toledo, Zaragoza

   • Britannica
   • WHE Map

3. Hūdids seize Zaragoza and found new dynasty

   Jan 1, 1039Labels: H dids, Zaragoza

   • Britannica
   • Banu Hud

4. Abbadids strengthen the Taifa of Seville

   Jan 1, 1042Labels: Abbadids, Seville

   • Taifa Seville
   • Britannica

5. Taifas pay parias tribute to Alfonso VI

   Jan 1, 1055Labels: Alfonso VI, Taifas

   • Britannica
   • Banu Hud

6. Christian capture of Toledo shifts balance

   May 1, 1085Labels: Alfonso VI, Toledo

   • Britannica
   • WHE Taifa

7. Taifa rulers invite Almoravid intervention

   Jan 1, 1086Labels: Almoravids, Taifa rulers

   • Britannica
   • WHE Map

8. Almoravids defeat Alfonso VI at Sagrajas

   Oct 23, 1086Labels: Almoravids, Battle of

   • Britannica
   • Sagrajas

9. Almoravids return and begin annexing taifas

   Jan 1, 1090Labels: Almoravids

   • Britannica
   • WHE Taifa

10. Seville falls; Abbadid rule ends

    Jan 1, 1091Labels: Seville, Abbadids

    • Taifa Seville
    • Britannica

11. Almoravids besiege Seville and defeat relief forces

    Jun 1, 1091Labels: Almoravids, Battle of

    • Almod var
    • Taifa Seville

12. First taifa period ends under Almoravid rule

    Dec 31, 1091Labels: Almoravids

    • Britannica
    • WHE Taifa