Swahili Coast and Zanzibari Clove Plantation Slavery (1780–1890)

1. Omani rule expands along the Swahili Coast

   Jan 1, 1780Labels: Omani state, Swahili Coast

   • Britannica
   • CollegeBoard

2. Cloves introduced to Zanzibar plantations

   Jan 1, 1812Labels: Clove cultivation, Zanzibar plantations

   • CollegeBoard
   • Britannica

3. Moresby Treaty restricts Indian Ocean slave exports

   Sep 1, 1822Labels: Moresby Treaty, Britain

   • Moresby Treaty
   • CollegeBoard

4. Seyyid Saʿīd begins building Zanzibar base

   Jan 1, 1828Labels: Seyyid Sa, Zanzibar

   • Britannica
   • Wikipedia

5. Clove planting accelerates with expanding slave labor

   Jan 1, 1835Labels: Zanzibar planters, clove plantations

   • CollegeBoard
   • Britannica

6. Saʿīd transfers the capital to Zanzibar

   Dec 1, 1840Labels: Sultan Sa, Zanzibar capital

   • Britannica
   • Wikipedia

7. Hamerton Treaty limits slave exports to the Gulf

   Oct 1, 1845Labels: Hamerton Treaty, Persian Gulf

   • Hamerton Treaty
   • Britannica

8. Succession crisis after Saʿīd’s death

   Oct 19, 1856Labels: Succession crisis, Sa d

   • Britannica
   • EBSCO

9. Canning Award separates Zanzibar and Muscat

   Jan 1, 1861Labels: Canning Award, Zanzibar state

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

10. Frere Treaty closes the public slave market

    Jun 1, 1873Labels: Frere Treaty, Stone Town

    • Britannica
    • Frere Treaty

11. British–German treaty reshapes Zanzibar’s sovereignty

    Jul 1, 1890Labels: Helgoland Zanzibar, British Empire

    • Britannica
    • Cambridge

12. Sultan Ali issues 1890 anti-slave-trade decree

    Aug 1, 1890Labels: Sultan Ali, anti-slave decree

    • Cambridge
    • Britannica

13. Sultan Hamoud’s decree abolishes slavery’s legal status

    Apr 6, 1897Labels: Sultan Hamoud, abolition decree

    • Cambridge
    • Ingrams

14. Manumission system expands, but coercion persists

    Jan 1, 1900Labels: Manumission system, plantation labor

    • Slavery Zanzibar
    • Cambridge