Stoic Conceptions of Virtue from Zeno to Marcus Aurelius (c. 300 BCE–180 CE)

1. Zeno begins teaching at the Stoa Poikile

   Jan 1, 301 BCELabels: Zeno of, Stoa Poikile

   • Zeno
   • Cambridge PDF

2. Zeno’s early Stoic ethical program takes shape

   Jan 1, 300 BCELabels: Zeno of

   • Cambridge PDF
   • Early Stoa

3. Cleanthes composes the Hymn to Zeus

   Jan 1, 275 BCELabels: Cleanthes, Hymn to

   • Milestone Docs
   • Cleanthes

4. Cleanthes succeeds Zeno as scholarch

   Jan 1, 262 BCELabels: Cleanthes

   • Cambridge PDF
   • Cleanthes

5. Chrysippus becomes head and systematizes Stoicism

   Jan 1, 230 BCELabels: Chrysippus

   • Chrysippus
   • Cambridge PDF

6. Chrysippus develops Stoic therapy of emotions

   Jan 1, 225 BCELabels: Chrysippus, On Passions

   • On Passions
   • De Ira

7. Stoic “oikeiōsis” anchors virtue and social duty

   Jan 1, 200 BCELabels: oikei sis

   • REP Stoicism
   • Oikeiosis

8. Diogenes of Babylon’s embassy sparks Roman interest

   Jan 1, 156 BCELabels: Diogenes of, Athenian embassy

   • Britannica
   • Diogenes

9. Panaetius reframes Stoic virtue for Rome

   Jan 1, 140 BCELabels: Panaetius

   • Britannica
   • Diogenes

10. Posidonius expands Stoic ethics and moral psychology

    Jan 1, 100 BCELabels: Posidonius

    • REP Posidonius
    • Posidonius

11. Cicero popularizes Stoic virtue claims in Latin

    Jan 1, 46 BCELabels: Cicero, Paradoxa Stoicorum

    • Paradoxa
    • Tusculan

12. Cicero’s Tusculan Disputations spread Stoic emotion theory

    Jan 1, 45 BCELabels: Cicero, Tusculan Disputations

    • Tusculan
    • Philopedia

13. Cicero’s De Officiis links virtue to duties

    Jan 1, 44 BCELabels: Cicero, De Officiis

    • De Officiis
    • CSCP

14. Seneca writes late works on virtue and moral progress

    Jan 1, 62Labels: Seneca, Moral Letters

    • SEP Seneca
    • Britannica

15. Hierocles’ “concentric circles” teach social virtue

    Jan 1, 125Labels: Hierocles

    • Oxford OSAP
    • Oikeiosis

16. Marcus Aurelius writes Meditations during campaigns

    Jan 1, 170Labels: Marcus Aurelius, Meditations

    • Meditations
    • Britannica

17. Death of Marcus Aurelius closes the classic arc

    Mar 17, 180Labels: Marcus Aurelius

    • Britannica
    • Marcus