Spanish Pacific round‑trips and early Manila–Acapulco circuit (1565–1600)

1. Legazpi sails from New Spain to Philippines

   Nov 20, 1564Labels: Miguel L, Barra de, New Spain

   • Legazpi
   • Treaty Cebu

2. Legazpi reaches Cebu and begins negotiations

   Feb 13, 1565Labels: Cebu, Legazpi, Philippine politics

   • Legazpi
   • Philippines timeline

3. First permanent Spanish settlement established at Cebu

   Apr 27, 1565Labels: Villa del, Cebu, Spanish settlement

   • Legazpi
   • Philippines timeline

4. Urdaneta departs Cebu to find Pacific return route

   Jun 1, 1565Labels: Andr s, San Pedro, Cebu

   • Albaola
   • Urdaneta

5. Treaty of Cebu formalizes Spanish control

   Jun 4, 1565Labels: Treaty of, Legazpi, Rajah Tupas

   • Treaty Cebu

6. Urdaneta reaches Acapulco, proving the tornaviaje

   Oct 8, 1565Labels: Andr s, Acapulco, tornaviaje

   • Urdaneta
   • Albaola

7. Manila becomes capital for Spanish Asian territories

   Jan 1, 1571Labels: Manila, Spanish East, colonial capital

   • New Spain
   • Britannica Manila

8. Spanish forces capture and refound Manila

   Jun 24, 1571Labels: Manila, Intramuros, Spanish conquest

   • Britannica Manila
   • New Spain

9. Manila–Acapulco galleon trade becomes established

   Jan 1, 1573Labels: Manila Acapulco, Manila, Acapulco

   • Britannica Galleon
   • Manila timeline

10. Real Audiencia of Manila created and seated

    May 5, 1583Labels: Real Audiencia, Philip II, judicial body

    • Audiencia Manila

11. Cavendish captures Manila galleon Santa Ana

    Nov 4, 1587Labels: Thomas Cavendish, Santa Ana, Baja California

    • NPS Cavendish
    • Cavendish voyage

12. Manila elevated to metropolitan archdiocese

    Aug 14, 1595Labels: Archdiocese of, Catholic Church, Manila

    • RCAM History
    • Manila Cathedral

13. End of the “early circuit” as system stabilizes

    Jan 1, 1600Labels: Manila Acapulco, 1600 stabilization, galleon system

    • Britannica Galleon
    • New Spain