Spanish mercantile system in New Spain and Peru (1520–1821)

1. Casa de Contratación centralizes Indies trade control

   Jan 1, 1503Labels: Casa de, Seville

   • Britannica
   • Wikipedia

2. Fall of Tenochtitlan opens New Spain’s extraction economy

   Aug 13, 1521Labels: Tenochtitlan, New Spain

   • Wikipedia
   • Britannica

3. Council of the Indies becomes top colonial authority

   Aug 1, 1524Labels: Council of, Spain

   • Britannica
   • WorldHistory

4. Viceroyalty of New Spain established in Mexico City

   Nov 14, 1535Labels: Viceroyalty of, Mexico City

   • Britannica
   • Mendoza

5. Viceroyalty of Peru created to govern South America

   Nov 20, 1542Labels: Viceroyalty of, Lima

   • Peru Viceroyalty
   • Lima Audiencia

6. New Laws attempt to curb encomienda abuses

   Nov 20, 1542Labels: New Laws, encomienda

   • New Laws
   • Britannica

7. Silver discovery at Potosí reshapes imperial finances

   Jan 1, 1545Labels: Potos, Cerro Rico

   • UW Library
   • Potos

8. Patio process expands silver production through mercury

   Jan 1, 1554Labels: patio process, mercury amalgamation

   • Britannica
   • Potos

9. Toledo reforms intensify labor drafts in Peru

   Nov 30, 1569Labels: Toledo reforms, mita

   • Peru Viceroyalty
   • Potos Mint Fraud

10. Potosí mint founded to standardize silver coinage

    Jan 1, 1572Labels: Potos mint, royal mint

    • Bolivia Mint
    • ANS Library

11. Recopilación de Leyes de Indias codifies colonial governance

    May 18, 1680Labels: Recopilaci n, Laws of

    • Leyes Indias

12. Casa de Contratación moved to Cádiz amid Bourbon reforms

    Jan 1, 1717Labels: Casa de, C diz

    • Britannica
    • Wikipedia

13. Río de la Plata viceroyalty splits Peru’s southern trade routes

    Jan 1, 1776Labels: Viceroyalty of, Buenos Aires

    • Britannica
    • R o Plata

14. Free-trade regulation loosens the colonial monopoly

    Oct 12, 1778Labels: Reglamento de, free-trade regulation

    • UChile Text
    • Reglamento 1778

15. Túpac Amaru II rebellion challenges Bourbon extraction policies

    Nov 4, 1780Labels: T pac, Andean rebellion

    • Rebellion
    • T pac Amaru

16. Mexican independence ends New Spain’s mercantile system

    Sep 28, 1821Labels: Mexican Independence, Treaty of

    • Treaty C rdoba
    • Mexico Declaration