Shanxi merchants and merchant guild networks in Qing China (18th–19th centuries)

1. Zhangye Shanxi merchants establish a guild hall

   Jan 1, 1724Labels: Zhangye Guild, Shanxi Merchants

   • EurasiaTrajeco
   • Shanxi Guild

2. Treaty of Kyakhta formalizes Qing–Russian trade

   Jun 25, 1728Labels: Treaty of, Qing Russia

   • Britannica
   • Kyakhta Treaty

3. Construction begins on the Qiao family compound

   Jan 1, 1756Labels: Qiao Family, Qiao Zhiyong

   • Qiao Compound

4. Sheqi Shanxi–Shaanxi Guild Hall construction starts

   Jan 1, 1756Labels: Sheqi Guild, Shanxi Shaanxi

   • Henan Gov

5. Shanxi merchants noted in Henan salt trade by Qianlong era

   Jan 1, 1796Labels: Henan Salt, Shanxi Merchants

   • Cambridge BHR

6. Rishengchang draft bank reorganized from a dye firm

   Jan 1, 1823Labels: Rishengchang, Pingyao Piaohao

   • Rishengchang
   • Piaohao
   • China Daily

7. Taiping upheaval expands piaohao government remittance role

   Jan 1, 1850Labels: Taiping Rebellion, Piaohao Remittances

   • Piaohao
   • Banking China

8. Piaohao model spreads across central Shanxi counties

   Jan 1, 1853Labels: Piaohao Network, Central Shanxi

   • Rishengchang
   • Banking China

9. Likin transit tax introduced to fund anti-Taiping campaigns

   Jan 1, 1853Labels: Likin Tax, Anti Taiping

   • Likin

10. Sheqi Shanxi–Shaanxi Guild Hall completed

    Jan 1, 1892Labels: Sheqi Guild, Guild Infrastructure

    • Henan Gov

11. Shanxi piaohao network peaks in scale by late 1800s

    Jan 1, 1899Labels: Shanxi Piaohao, Piaohao Firms

    • Shanxi Merchants
    • Piaohao

12. Boxer crisis prompts Qing court remittance via Pingyao banks

    Jan 1, 1900Labels: Boxer Rebellion, Pingyao Banks

    • Shanxi Merchants