Second Grinnell and Related American Arctic Expeditions (1850–1860s)

1. U.S. enters Franklin search with Grinnell backing

   May 1, 1850Labels: Henry Grinnell, U S

   • USS Rescue
   • USS Rescue

2. First Grinnell Expedition departs New York

   May 23, 1850Labels: First Grinnell, Edwin J

   • USS Advance
   • First Grinnell

3. First Grinnell ships become icebound in Wellington Channel

   Sep 14, 1850Labels: Advance, Rescue

   • USS Rescue
   • USS Rescue

4. First Grinnell Expedition returns to New York

   Sep 30, 1851Labels: Advance, First Grinnell

   • First Grinnell
   • USS Rescue

5. Second Grinnell Expedition sails under Kane

   May 31, 1853Labels: Second Grinnell, Elisha K

   • Hayes Bio
   • Kane Bio

6. Kane recruits Greenlandic expertise and dog teams

   Jul 1, 1853Labels: Hans Hendrik, Greenland

   • Second Grinnell
   • Hendrik Bio

7. Advance reaches Smith Sound and is trapped for winter

   Sep 10, 1853Labels: Advance, Smith Sound

   • USS Advance
   • Second Grinnell

8. Sledge journeys expand mapping and observations

   Mar 1, 1854Labels: Sledge journeys, Kane party

   • Second Grinnell
   • Hayes Bio

9. Exploration of “Grinnell Land” during spring sledging

   May 1, 1854Labels: Grinnell Land, Isaac I

   • Hayes Bio
   • Second Grinnell

10. A second winter looms as scurvy and shortages worsen

    Aug 1, 1854Labels: Scurvy, Advance

    • Second Grinnell
    • USS Advance

11. Kane abandons the Advance and begins retreat south

    May 20, 1855Labels: Abandonment of, Kane retreat

    • Kane Bio
    • Second Grinnell

12. Survivors reach Upernavik and secure rescue

    Aug 11, 1855Labels: Upernavik, Survivors

    • Kane Bio

13. Kane returns to New York with expedition results

    Oct 11, 1855Labels: Elisha K, New York

    • Kane Article
    • USS Advance

14. Kane publishes Arctic Explorations, shaping U.S. polar ambitions

    Jan 1, 1856Labels: Arctic Explorations, Elisha K

    • Kane Book
    • Kane Society

15. Hayes leads 1860–1861 voyage influenced by Kane’s route

    Jul 1, 1860Labels: Isaac I, United States

    • Hayes Bio