Safavid Relations with the Mughal Empire (16th–18th centuries)

1. Akbar gains Kandahar by negotiated surrender

   Jan 1, 1595Labels: Akbar, Kandahar, Mo affar-

   • Siege 1605 06
   • Britannica Akbar

2. Safavid siege fails after Akbar’s death

   Nov 1, 1605Labels: Herat governor, Kandahar, Akbar

   • Siege 1605 06
   • Britannica Jahangir

3. Shah Abbas I opens a new Kandahar campaign

   Jan 1, 1621Labels: Shah Abbas, Kandahar, Safavid campaign

   • War 1622 23
   • Britannica Abbas I

4. Safavids capture Kandahar from the Mughals

   May 20, 1622Labels: Shah Abbas, Kandahar, Safavid army

   • War 1622 23
   • Britannica Abbas I

5. Safavid governor defects and yields Kandahar

   Mar 1, 1638Labels: Ali-Mard n, Kandahar, Shah Jah

   • Iranica Ali Mardan
   • War 1637 38

6. Treaty of Zuhab stabilizes Safavid western front

   May 17, 1639Labels: Treaty of, Safavid Empire, Ottoman Empire

   • Treaty Zuhab
   • Britannica Safavid

7. Shah Abbas II begins siege to retake Kandahar

   Dec 28, 1648Labels: Shah Abbas, Kandahar, siege

   • Siege 1648 49
   • War 1649 53

8. Safavids take Kandahar; Mughal control ends

   Feb 22, 1649Labels: Kandahar, Safavid victory, Shah Abbas

   • Siege 1648 49
   • War 1649 53

9. Aurangzeb’s first major attempt to recover Kandahar

   Jan 1, 1651Labels: Aurangzeb, Shah Jah, Kandahar

   • War 1649 53
   • Britannica Aurangzeb

10. Dara Shikoh’s final siege fails at Kandahar

    Sep 29, 1653Labels: Dara Shikoh, Kandahar, Mughal siege

    • War 1649 53
    • Britannica Dara

11. Hotaki victory at Gulnabad accelerates Safavid collapse

    Mar 8, 1722Labels: Hotaki victory, Gulnabad, Safavid collapse

    • Gulnabad
    • Britannica Safavid

12. Nadir Shah defeats Mughal army at Karnal

    Feb 24, 1739Labels: Nadir Shah, Karnal, Delhi campaign

    • Britannica Karnal
    • Britannica Nadir