Sacred public spaces: plazas, mounds, and amphitheaters in Norte Chico (c. 3500–1800 BCE)

1. Bandurria develops as another Late Archaic ceremonial center

   Jan 1, 4000 BCELabels: Bandurria

   • Wiki Bandurria
   • Wiki Bandurria ES

2. Earliest Norte Chico urban centers emerge

   Jan 1, 3500 BCELabels: Caral Supe, Fortaleza

   • Britannica
   • Wiki Caral Supe
   • Wiki Huaricanga

3. Huaricanga develops early ceremonial mound complex

   Jan 1, 3500 BCELabels: Huaricanga

   • Wiki Huaricanga
   • Wiki Caral Supe

4. Large-scale communal building becomes widespread

   Jan 1, 3100 BCELabels: Norte Chico

   • Wiki Caral Supe

5. Huaca de los Ídolos built at Áspero

   Jan 1, 3055 BCELabels: Huaca de, spero

   • Wiki spero
   • Arqueolog a Per

6. Áspero’s platform mounds and plazas take shape

   Jan 1, 3000 BCELabels: spero

   • Wiki spero
   • Arqueolog a Per

7. Huaca de los Sacrificios built at Áspero

   Jan 1, 2930 BCELabels: Huaca de, spero

   • Wiki spero

8. Caral’s monumental core dates to 2627–1977 BCE

   Jan 1, 2627 BCELabels: Caral

   • Science PubMed
   • SciAm 2001

9. Sunken circular courts become key public-ritual spaces

   Jan 1, 2600 BCELabels: Sunken courts, Caral

   • SciAm 2001
   • Wiki Caral
   • Wiki Caral Supe

10. Caral’s “Sacred City” formalizes monumental precinct plan

    Jan 1, 2500 BCELabels: Sacred City, Caral Supe

    • UNESCO Archives

11. Norte Chico mound-and-plaza tradition influences later Andes

    Jan 1, 2200 BCELabels: Andes tradition

    • Haas et al

12. Regional decline and transition around 1800 BCE

    Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: Regional decline

    • Wiki Caral Supe