Rome and Armenia: client kings and frontier diplomacy (1st–4th centuries CE)

1. Augustus appoints Ariobarzanes as Armenian king

   Jan 1, 2Labels: Augustus, Ariobarzanes II, Media Atropatene

   • Ariobarzanes
   • Britannica

2. Parthia installs Tiridates, challenging Rome

   Jan 1, 53Labels: Vologases I, Tiridates, Parthia

   • Roman Parthian War
   • Tiridates I

3. Roman–Parthian War begins over Armenia

   Jan 1, 58Labels: Gnaeus Domitius, Roman campaign, Armenia

   • Roman Parthian War
   • Britannica

4. Treaty of Rhandeia sets dual-approval system

   Jan 1, 63Labels: Treaty of, Arsacid dynasty, Roman investiture

   • Rhandeia Treaty
   • Roman Parthian War

5. Nero crowns Tiridates I in Rome

   Jan 1, 66Labels: Nero, Tiridates I, Roman ceremony

   • Tiridates I
   • De Gruyter

6. Trajan deposes Parthamasiris and annexes Armenia

   Jan 1, 114Labels: Trajan, Parthamasiris, Roman province

   • Encyclopaedia Iranica
   • Parthamasiris

7. Hadrian abandons annexation and restores client rule

   Jan 1, 118Labels: Hadrian, client restoration, Armenia

   • Hadrian ANRO
   • Britannica

8. Parthians invade again; Rome reinstalls Sohaemus

   Jan 1, 164Labels: Vologases IV, Sohaemus, Parthian invasion

   • War 161 166
   • Sohaemus

9. Caracalla’s detention sparks Armenian revolt

   Jan 1, 215Labels: Caracalla, Armenian revolt, royal detention

   • Tiridates II
   • Rome Persia

10. Peace of Nisibis strengthens Roman influence in Armenia

    Jan 1, 299Labels: Peace of, Narseh, Roman victory

    • Peace of Nisibis
    • Britannica

11. Shapur II forces Armenia into repeated frontier crises

    Jan 1, 337Labels: Shapur II, Sasanian campaigns, Armenia

    • Wars 337 361
    • Shapur II

12. Partition settlement divides Armenia between empires

    Jan 1, 387Labels: Partition of, Roman zone, Sasanian zone

    • Acilisene Peace
    • Greenwood EUP