Quilombo dos Palmares and maroon resistance (c.1605–1694)

1. Early Portuguese reports of maroon communities

   Jan 1, 1597Labels: Fr Pero, Pernambuco

   • Fundaj

2. Palmares traditionally dated to early 1600s

   Jan 1, 1605Labels: Palmares, Serra da

   • Britannica
   • BlackPast
   • Fundaj

3. Dutch expedition diaries describe Palmares settlements

   Jan 1, 1645Labels: Johann Blaer, Dutch Pernambuco

   • CulturalSurvival

4. Ganga Zumba emerges as Palmares leader

   Jan 1, 1670Labels: Ganga Zumba

   • Britannica
   • GangaZumba

5. Zumbi becomes commander-in-chief in Palmares

   Jan 1, 1675Labels: Zumbi

   • Zumbi

6. Peace proposal negotiated with Ganga Zumba

   Jan 1, 1678Labels: Pedro Almeida, Cuca Valley

   • Zumbi
   • GangaZumba

7. Ganga Zumba dies after treaty backlash

   Jan 1, 1678Labels: Ganga Zumba

   • GangaZumba
   • PalmaresFCP

8. Zumbi leads revolt against the 1678 treaty

   Jan 1, 1679Labels: Zumbi

   • Zumbi
   • GangaZumba

9. Final campaign against Palmares begins

   Jan 1, 1694Labels: Domingos Jorge

   • PalmaresES
   • Britannica

10. Fall of Macaco (Cerca do Macaco)

    Feb 6, 1694Labels: Macaco, Cerca do

    • PalmaresES
    • CercaMacaco

11. Palmares’ remaining strongholds suppressed

    Dec 1, 1694Labels: Palmares

    • Britannica
    • CulturalSurvival

12. Zumbi captured and killed

    Nov 20, 1695Labels: Zumbi

    • Ag nciaBrasil
    • Zumbi
    • PalmaresFCP