Qing intervention after the Sino‑Nepalese War and the 1793 Tibetan succession regulations (1792–1793)

1. Nepal–Tibet coin and trade tensions escalate

   Jan 1, 1788Labels: Gorkha Kingdom, Tibet, Trade dispute

   • Britannica
   • Sino Nepalese War

2. Gorkha forces invade Tibet (first campaign)

   Jan 1, 1788Labels: Gorkha Kingdom, Tibet, Sino Gorkha

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Pokharel 2025

3. Treaty of Kerung creates Tibetan payments

   Jan 1, 1789Labels: Treaty of, Tibet, Nepal

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Pokharel 2025

4. Nepal invades again and sacks Shigatse area

   Jan 1, 1791Labels: Gorkha Kingdom, Shigatse, Nepalese campaign

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Pokharel 2025

5. Qing court orders major expedition to Tibet

   Jan 1, 1792Labels: Qianlong Emperor, Fuk anggan, Qing military

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Record Nepal

6. Sino‑Tibetan forces push fighting toward Nepal

   Jun 1, 1792Labels: Sino Tibetan, Nepal, Kathmandu

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Record Nepal

7. Treaty of Betrawati ends the war

   Oct 2, 1792Labels: Treaty of, Qing court, Nepal

   • Sino Nepalese War
   • Pokharel 2025

8. Qianlong issues the “Discourse of Lama”

   Dec 1, 1792Labels: Qianlong Emperor, Discourse of, Tibet

   • Discourse of Lama
   • Britannica

9. Golden Urn system introduced for top reincarnations

   Jan 1, 1793Labels: Golden Urn, Dalai Lama, Panchen Lama

   • Golden Urn
   • Britannica

10. Qing promulgates the “29-Article Ordinance”

    Jan 1, 1793Labels: 29 Article, Qing court, Tibet

    • 29 Article Ordinance
    • Britannica

11. Ambans’ authority strengthened in Tibetan governance

    Jun 1, 1793Labels: Ambans, Lhasa, Qing representatives

    • Britannica
    • 29 Article Ordinance

12. Postwar settlement ties security to succession oversight

    Dec 1, 1793Labels: Qing policy, Golden Urn, 29 Article

    • Golden Urn
    • Britannica
    • 29 Article Ordinance