Plato's Theory of Forms and its ancient reception (c. 427–200 BCE)

1. Plato founds the Academy in Athens

   Jan 1, 387 BCELabels: Plato, Academy, Athens

   • Britannica
   • IEP Academy

2. Forms articulated in Plato’s Phaedo

   Jan 1, 385 BCELabels: Phaedo, Forms, Plato

   • IEP Phaedo
   • Philopedia Phaedo

3. Republic develops the Form of the Good

   Jan 1, 375 BCELabels: Republic, Form of, Plato

   • Republic

4. Phaedrus connects Forms with the soul’s vision

   Jan 1, 370 BCELabels: Phaedrus, Soul allegory, Plato

   • Philopedia Phaedrus
   • Phaedrus

5. Theaetetus shifts focus to the nature of knowledge

   Jan 1, 368 BCELabels: Theaetetus, Plato, Knowledge

   • IEP Theaetetus
   • Philopedia Theaetetus

6. Parmenides tests Forms with regress objections

   Jan 1, 365 BCELabels: Parmenides, Third Man, Plato

   • Parmenides
   • OUP Fine

7. Sophist rethinks being and non-being among Forms

   Jan 1, 362 BCELabels: Sophist, Being and, Plato

   • Philopedia Sophist
   • OUP Nikulin

8. Plato dies; Speusippus leads the Academy

   Jan 1, 347 BCELabels: Plato, Speusippus, Academy

   • SEP Speusippus

9. Xenocrates systematizes a more “orthodox” Platonism

   Jan 1, 339 BCELabels: Xenocrates, Academy, Platonism

   • SEP Xenocrates
   • Britannica Xen

10. Aristotle’s Academic-era criticisms sharpen anti-Form arguments

    Jan 1, 330 BCELabels: Aristotle, Critique, Academy

    • OUP Fine Book
    • OUP Handbook

11. Polemon turns Academic attention toward ethical practice

    Jan 1, 314 BCELabels: Polemon, Academy, Ethics

    • Polemon
    • Academy

12. Arcesilaus begins the skeptical Academy

    Jan 1, 268 BCELabels: Arcesilaus, Skeptical Academy, Academy

    • SEP Arcesilaus
    • Britannica Academy