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Updated:Apr 23, 2026
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People's Republic of China: Central Planning Era (1949–1978)

People's Republic of China: Central Planning Era (1949–1978)

  1. Founding of the People’s Republic of China

    Labels: People's Republic, Chinese Communist, 1949 founding

  2. Agrarian Reform Law accelerates rural land redistribution

    Labels: Agrarian Reform, Rural China

  3. Three-anti and Five-anti campaigns tighten urban control

    Labels: Three-anti Campaign, Five-anti Campaign, Urban businesses

  4. First Five-Year Plan begins Soviet-style industrialization drive

    Labels: First Five-Year, Heavy industry, Soviet assistance

  5. 1954 Constitution formalizes state institutions for planning

    Labels: 1954 Constitution, State institutions

  6. Hundred Flowers Campaign opens limited criticism, then reverses

    Labels: Hundred Flowers, Intellectuals

  7. Eighth Party Congress reports “socialist transformation” completed

    Labels: Eighth Party, Socialist transformation

  8. Anti-Rightist Campaign begins after Hundred Flowers backlash

    Labels: Anti-Rightist Campaign, Intellectual purge

  9. Great Leap Forward launches rapid collectivization and mass mobilization

    Labels: Great Leap, People's communes

  10. Lushan Conference purges Peng Dehuai amid policy conflict

    Labels: Lushan Conference, Peng Dehuai

  11. “Readjustment” period begins to repair Great Leap damage

    Labels: Readjustment period, Economic stabilization

  12. Seven Thousand Cadres Conference reviews famine and policy failures

    Labels: Seven Thousand, Party officials

  13. Third Front strategy approved for inland industrial build-out

    Labels: Third Front, Inland industrialization

  14. Third Five-Year Plan begins amid defense-first planning

    Labels: Third Five-Year, Defense-first planning

  15. May 16 Notification signals start of the Cultural Revolution

    Labels: May 16, Cultural Revolution

  16. Fourth Five-Year Plan continues war-preparedness and Third Front focus

    Labels: Fourth Five-Year, Third Front

  17. Arrest of the Gang of Four helps end the Cultural Revolution

    Labels: Gang of, Post-Mao transition

  18. Third Plenum launches reform and opening, ending central-planning era

    Labels: Third Plenum, Reform and