Parthian (Arsacid) Empire (247 BCE–224 CE)

1. Arsaces I begins Arsacid rule in Parthia

   Jan 1, 247 BCELabels: Arsaces I, Parthia

   • Britannica

2. Mithridates I expands Parthia into a major empire

   Jan 1, 171 BCELabels: Mithridates I, Parthia

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

3. Parthians seize Seleucia and create a base at Ctesiphon

   Jan 1, 140 BCELabels: Seleucia, Ctesiphon

   • Met Museum
   • Parthia com

4. Ctesiphon becomes Parthia’s main western capital

   Jan 1, 58 BCELabels: Ctesiphon, Parthian capital

   • Met Museum
   • WHE

5. Parthians defeat Crassus at the Battle of Carrhae

   Jan 1, 53 BCELabels: Battle of, Crassus

   • Britannica

6. Treaty of Rhandeia sets Armenia as a shared buffer

   Jan 1, 63Labels: Treaty of, Armenia

   • Britannica
   • Treaty

7. Trajan captures Ctesiphon during Rome’s eastern invasion

   Jan 1, 116Labels: Trajan, Ctesiphon

   • Met Museum
   • Ctesiphon

8. Rome sacks Ctesiphon in the war of 161–166

   Jan 1, 165Labels: Ctesiphon, Roman Parthian

   • War 161 166
   • Met Museum

9. Septimius Severus sacks Ctesiphon and deports captives

   Jan 1, 198Labels: Septimius Severus, Ctesiphon

   • Met Museum
   • Ctesiphon 198

10. Dynastic struggle divides Parthian leadership

    Jan 1, 208Labels: Vologases VI, Artabanus

    • Artabanus
    • Vologases VI

11. Parthians win at Nisibis but face rising instability

    Jan 1, 217Labels: Battle of, Artabanus

    • Nisibis
    • Artabanus

12. Ardashir defeats Artabanus at Hormozdgan, ending Parthia

    Apr 28, 224Labels: Battle of, Ardashir

    • Britannica
    • Hormozdgan