Pama–Nyungan expansion across Australia (c. 4,000–1,000 BP)

1. Mid-Holocene Gulf Plains origin inferred

   Jan 1, 3999 BCELabels: Gulf Plains, Pama Nyungan

   • NatEcolEvol
   • Nature

2. Backed artefacts surge in southeast Australia

   Jan 1, 3999 BCELabels: Backed artefacts, Southeast Australia

   • JArchSci

3. Early spread and language replacement accelerates

   Jan 1, 3499 BCELabels: Language replacement, Pama Nyungan

   • NatEcolEvol
   • Nature

4. Pama–Nyungan dominates most of mainland

   Jan 1, 2999 BCELabels: Mainland Australia, Pama Nyungan

   • Wikipedia

5. Pama–Nyungan expansion linked to cultural innovations

   Jan 1, 2999 BCELabels: Cultural innovations, Pama Nyungan

   • NatEcolEvol

6. Earliest directly dated dingo remains (Madura Cave)

   Jan 1, 1397 BCELabels: Madura Cave, dingo remains

   • ANU
   • Wikipedia

7. Dingo introduced by seafaring transport

   Jan 1, 1397 BCELabels: Seafaring transport, dingo introduction

   • ANU
   • Wikipedia

8. Backed artefacts decline after ~1,500 BP

   Jan 1, 501Labels: Backed artefacts, Southeast Australia

   • JArchSci

9. Late Holocene endpoint of expansion window

   Jan 1, 951Labels: Pama Nyungan, Late Holocene

   • JArchSci
   • Wikipedia

10. Kimberley point technology emerges (last millennium)

    Jan 1, 1000Labels: Kimberley points, Northwest Australia

    • J LithicStud

11. British colonization provides fixed historical baseline

    Jan 26, 1788Labels: British colonization, 1788

    • Britannica