Olivella Shell-Bead Exchange on the California Coast (c. 1000–1800 CE)

1. Olivella shell beads spread as trade valuables

   Jan 1, 1000Labels: Olivella beads, Southern California

   • JAS 2005

2. Standardized Olivella money-beads expand in use

   Jan 1, 1000Labels: Standardized beads, California groups

   • Frontiers 2025
   • eScholarship 2011

3. Channel Islands bead production becomes highly specialized

   Jan 1, 1100Labels: Channel Islands, Bead workshops

   • ScienceDaily 2011
   • Hakai 2015

4. Cross-channel transport supports regular bead exchange

   Jan 1, 1200Labels: Maritime transport, Island-mainland trade

   • Hakai 2015
   • NPS Tomol

5. Callus-based Olivella beads gain high value

   Jan 1, 1300Labels: Callus beads, Chumash

   • Hakai 2015
   • Frontiers 2025

6. Olivella bead currency circulates widely beyond villages

   Jan 1, 1400Labels: Bead currency, Gathering places

   • Frontiers 2025
   • Hakai 2015

7. Cabrillo expedition records first European contact

   Oct 1, 1542Labels: Cabrillo expedition, European contact

   • Santa Cruz Wiki
   • Chumash Revolt Wiki

8. Spanish missions begin reshaping coastal economies

   Jul 16, 1769Labels: Spanish missions, Alta California

   • Mission San Diego
   • NPS Santa In

9. Mission Santa Barbara founded in Chumash territory

   Dec 4, 1786Labels: Mission Santa, Chumash territory

   • CA Parks
   • Mission SB Wiki

10. Mission Santa Inés founded; mission corridor expands

    Sep 17, 1804Labels: Mission Santa, Mission corridor

    • NPS Santa In
    • Santa In s

11. Chumash Revolt challenges mission control

    Feb 21, 1824Labels: Chumash Revolt, Missions

    • Chumash Revolt
    • Redlands 1987

12. Mexican secularization ends the mission system

    Jan 1, 1834Labels: Mexican secularization, Mission lands

    • Old Mission In
    • Mission San Diego