North-West Frontier campaigns and British frontier policy (1863-1947)

1. Umbeyla (Ambela) expedition begins in Buner

   Oct 18, 1863Labels: Umbeyla expedition, Buner, Yusufzai

   • Ambela
   • FIBIwiki

2. Black Mountain punitive expedition in Hazara

   Jan 1, 1868Labels: Black Mountain, Hazara, Punitive expedition

   • Second BM

3. Second Anglo-Afghan War begins

   Nov 21, 1878Labels: Second Anglo-Afghan, Afghanistan, Great Game

   • War overview

4. Treaty of Gandamak redraws frontier influence

   May 26, 1879Labels: Treaty of, Yaqub Khan, Khyber region

   • Britannica
   • Treaty

5. Durand Agreement draws the Durand Line

   Jan 1, 1893Labels: Durand Agreement, Mortimer Durand, Durand Line

   • Britannica

6. Chitral Expedition asserts British reach in the north

   Jan 1, 1895Labels: Chitral Expedition, Chitral, Relief force

   • Chitral

7. Siege of Malakand triggers wider 1897 uprising

   Jul 26, 1897Labels: Siege of, Malakand, 1897 uprising

   • Malakand
   • NAM

8. Tirah expedition launched against Afridi and Orakzai

   Oct 1, 1897Labels: Tirah Expedition, Afridi, Orakzai

   • BritishBattles
   • FIBIwiki

9. North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) created

   Jan 1, 1901Labels: North-West Frontier, NWFP, Frontier administration

   • NWFP
   • 1911 EB

10. Mohmand Expedition signals continuing punitive policing

    Jan 1, 1908Labels: Mohmand Expedition, Mohmand, Peshawar

    • Mohmand 1908

11. Third Anglo-Afghan War ends with Rawalpindi treaty

    Aug 8, 1919Labels: Third Anglo-Afghan, Rawalpindi Treaty, Afghanistan

    • War 1919
    • Treaty

12. Government of India Act 1935 reshapes provincial politics

    Aug 2, 1935Labels: Government of, Provincial autonomy, NWFP politics

    • GOI Act
    • Britannica

13. Waziristan campaign targets the Faqir of Ipi movement

    Jan 1, 1936Labels: Waziristan campaign, Faqir of, Mirzali Khan

    • Waziristan

14. NWFP referendum supports joining Pakistan

    Jul 6, 1947Labels: NWFP referendum, 1947 referendum, Joining Pakistan

    • NWFP vote

15. Partition ends British Raj and frontier policy era

    Aug 15, 1947Labels: Partition 1947, British Raj, India and

    • Britannica
    • Independence