Mongol rule and the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia (1220s–1370s)

1. Mongols begin invasion of Khwarazm

   Jan 1, 1219Labels: Genghis Khan, Khwarazmian Empire, Transoxiana

   • Britannica
   • Khwarazm

2. Siege and fall of Otrar

   Dec 1, 1219Labels: Otrar, Chagatai, gedei

   • Otrar
   • Khwarazm

3. Mongols take Bukhara

   Feb 1, 1220Labels: Bukhara, Mongol army

   • Bukhara
   • Khwarazm

4. Mongols capture Samarkand

   Mar 1, 1220Labels: Samarkand, Khwarazmian capital

   • Samarkand
   • Khwarazm

5. Mongol conquest of Khwarazm concludes

   Jan 1, 1221Labels: Mongol Empire, Khwarazmian Empire

   • Khwarazm
   • Britannica

6. Chagatai receives Central Asian ulus

   Jan 1, 1227Labels: Chagatai, Ulus, Kashgaria

   • Britannica
   • WHE

7. Kaidu dominates Chagatai politics

   Jan 1, 1269Labels: Kaidu, gedeids

   • Britannica
   • Kaidu Kublai

8. Baraq breaks with Yuan and fights Ilkhanate

   Jul 22, 1270Labels: Baraq, Ilkhanate

   • Herat
   • Baraq

9. Kaidu dies; a wider Mongol peace follows

   Jan 1, 1304Labels: Kaidu, Mongol khanates

   • Britannica
   • Chagatai timeline

10. Esen Buqa wars with Yuan and Ilkhanate

    Jan 1, 1314Labels: Esen Buqa, Chagatai Khanate

    • Esen Buqa war
    • Esen Buqa I

11. Kebek promotes reforms and builds Qarshi capital

    Jan 1, 1318Labels: Kebek, Qarshi

    • WHE
    • Qarshi study

12. Tarmashirin’s Islam policy sparks elite backlash

    Jan 1, 1334Labels: Tarmashirin, Islam

    • WHE
    • Tarmashirin

13. Amir Qazaghan kills Qazan; western khans become figureheads

    Jan 1, 1346Labels: Amir Qazaghan, Qazan

    • Qazan
    • Danishmandchi

14. Black Death reaches Silk Road networks in the 1340s

    Jan 1, 1346Labels: Black Death, Silk Road

    • UNESCO
    • WHE

15. Chagatai realm splits; Moghulistan forms in east

    Jan 1, 1347Labels: Moghulistan, Chagatai realm

    • Moghulistan
    • Chagatai

16. Tughlugh Timur reunifies Chagatai leadership briefly

    Jan 1, 1360Labels: Tughlugh Timur, Moghulistan

    • Britannica
    • Moghulistan

17. Timur rises; Chagatai rule ends as a unified power

    Jan 1, 1370Labels: Timur, Transoxiana

    • WHE
    • Britannica