Medici Bank and Florentine credit systems (1397–1494)

1. Giovanni di Bicci founds the Medici Bank

   Jan 1, 1397Labels: Giovanni di, Medici Bank, Florence

   • Britannica
   • Medici Bank

2. Venice branch opens to expand Adriatic trade

   Mar 25, 1402Labels: Venice branch, Medici Bank, Venice

   • Medici Bank

3. Medici become key bankers to Antipope John XXIII

   Jan 1, 1413Labels: Antipope John, Medici Bank, Rome

   • Cosimo de Medici
   • Giovanni di Bicci

4. Geneva branch replaces Naples as regional hub

   Jan 1, 1425Labels: Geneva branch, Medici Bank, Transalpine trade

   • Medici Bank

5. Cosimo de’ Medici arrested and exiled

   Sep 1, 1433Labels: Cosimo de', Florence, Political exile

   • Oxford Academic

6. Cosimo returns to Florence and consolidates rule

   Sep 1, 1434Labels: Cosimo de', Florence, Government reform

   • Oxford Academic
   • Cosimo de Medici

7. Bruges branch founded for Flemish commerce

   Mar 24, 1439Labels: Bruges branch, Medici Bank, Flanders

   • Medici Bank
   • Banco dei Medici

8. Avignon branch established alongside London expansion

   Jan 1, 1446Labels: Avignon branch, Medici Bank, Avignon

   • Avignon Exchange
   • Medici Bank

9. London branch established to finance English trade

   Jan 1, 1446Labels: London branch, Medici Bank, England

   • Medici Bank
   • Avignon Exchange

10. Milan branch opens under Sforza patronage

    Dec 1, 1452Labels: Milan branch, Medici Bank, Sforza

    • Medici Bank

11. Tolfa alum mines interest acquired via papal debts

    Jan 1, 1473Labels: Tolfa mines, Medici Bank, Papacy

    • Medici Bank

12. London branch liquidation ends with major losses

    Jan 1, 1478Labels: London branch, Medici Bank, Liquidation

    • Medici Bank

13. Bruges branch liquidated after Portinari-era failures

    Jan 1, 1478Labels: Bruges branch, Medici Bank, Liquidation

    • Medici Bank
    • Tommaso Portinari

14. Pazzi conspiracy triggers papal rupture and war

    Apr 26, 1478Labels: Pazzi Conspiracy, Lorenzo de', Papacy

    • Britannica

15. Medici expelled from Florence, undermining bank network

    Nov 9, 1494Labels: Medici exile, Piero de', Florence

    • Alfonsina Orsini
    • Repubblica Firenze

16. Medici Bank ceases operations amid political downfall

    Dec 31, 1494Labels: Medici Bank, Bank collapse, Florence

    • Medici Bank