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3700 BCE3225 BCE2750 BCE2275 BCE1799 BCE
Michael CarricoMichael Carrico
Updated:Apr 23, 2026
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Material culture of Norte Chico: stone tools, textiles, and ritual objects (c. 3500–1800 BCE)

Material culture of Norte Chico: stone tools, textiles, and ritual objects (c. 3500–1800 BCE)

  1. Áspero occupied as major coastal ceremonial-fishing center

    Labels: spero, Supe River, Coastal ceremonial

  2. Huaricanga founded as early urban center

    Labels: Huaricanga, Fortaleza Valley, Caral Supe

  3. Monumental building expands after 3100 BCE

    Labels: Monumental architecture, Platform mounds, Quarrying

  4. Coastal–inland economies linked by cotton

    Labels: Cotton production, Irrigation systems, Maritime fishing

  5. Plant foods documented from Áspero dental calculus

    Labels: spero, Dental calculus, Plant foods

  6. Shicra-bag technique used in stone architecture

    Labels: Shicra bags, Caral, Platform mounds

  7. Twined nets and openwork knotting traditions persist

    Labels: Twined nets, Openwork knotting, Fiber craft

  8. Broken gourd fragments show early Staff God imagery

    Labels: Staff God, Pativilca Valley, Gourd fragments

  9. Quipu-like recording device reported at Caral

    Labels: Khipu, Caral, Knotted strings

  10. Pelican-bone flutes deposited at Caral

    Labels: Pelican-bone flutes, Caral, Musical instruments

  11. Ritual offerings include shells and curated organic items

    Labels: Ritual offerings, spero, Curated organics

  12. Norte Chico/Caral–Supe declines around 1800 BCE

    Labels: Decline c, Caral Supe, Material shift