Language and script reform: transition from Ottoman Turkish to the Latin alphabet (1908–1928)

1. Young Turk Revolution restores constitutional politics

   Jul 23, 1908Labels: Young Turks, Ottoman Parliament

   • Second Era
   • Britannica

2. Press expansion fuels language simplification debates

   Aug 1, 1908Labels: Tanin, Newspapers

   • Tanin
   • Second Era

3. Genç Kalemler launches the “New Language” push

   Apr 11, 1911Labels: Gen Kalemler, Yeni Lisan

   • Gen Kalemler
   • Milliyet i Dergiler

4. Second Constitutional Era ends amid imperial collapse

   Jan 1, 1920Labels: Second Constitutional, Ottoman Empire

   • Second Era
   • Britannica

5. Republic builds new literacy and education priorities

   Oct 29, 1923Labels: Republic of, Literacy Campaign

   • Britannica
   • Alphabet Reform

6. Modern numerals adopted to modernize written practice

   May 24, 1928Labels: Numeral Reform, Turkish State

   • Turk Culture
   • 1928 Turkey

7. Academic committee begins formal Latin alphabet study

   Jun 26, 1928Labels: Academic Committee, Alphabet Study

   • 1928 Turkey
   • Alphabet Reform

8. Atatürk publicly announces the coming alphabet change

   Aug 9, 1928Labels: Mustafa Kemal, Alphabet Announcement

   • Alphabet Reform
   • Turkish Alphabet

9. New alphabet is published and implementation accelerated

   Sep 29, 1928Labels: New Alphabet, Government

   • Turk Culture
   • Turkish Alphabet

10. Parliament passes Law No. 1353 adopting Latin letters

    Nov 1, 1928Labels: Law No, Turkish Parliament

    • Alphabet Reform
    • AXL Law

11. Nation Schools begin adult literacy mobilization

    Nov 24, 1928Labels: Nation Schools, Adult Literacy

    • Nation Schools
    • Turk Culture

12. New alphabet becomes mandatory across public communications

    Jan 1, 1929Labels: Public Communications, Turkish Republic

    • Turkish Alphabet
    • Turk Culture