Indentured Indian labor migration to British overseas colonies (1834–1920)

1. Slavery abolished in most British colonies

   Aug 1, 1834Labels: Slavery Abolition, British Empire, Plantation owners

   • Britannica
   • UK Archives

2. First Indian indentured laborers reach Mauritius

   Nov 2, 1834Labels: Mauritius, Atlas ship, Indian migrants

   • UNESCO
   • Britannica

3. Indenture expands to British Guiana after emancipation

   May 5, 1838Labels: British Guiana, Whitby ship, Planters

   • Whitby ship
   • Le Mauricien

4. Abuses prompt suspension of emigration from India

   Jan 1, 1839Labels: Emigration suspension, Recruitment abuses, Indian officials

   • Britannica

5. Indian indentured immigration period begins in Jamaica

   Jan 1, 1845Labels: Jamaica, Indentured labor, Northern India

   • NLJ

6. Trinidad receives first ship of Indian indentured workers

   May 30, 1845Labels: Trinidad, Fatel Razack, Indo-Trinidadians

   • NATT
   • Fatel Razack

7. Aapravasi Ghat depot begins processing workers in Mauritius

   Jan 1, 1849Labels: Aapravasi Ghat, Mauritius depot, Immigration records

   • Britannica
   • UNESCO

8. Indentured workers arrive in Natal, South Africa

   Nov 16, 1860Labels: Natal, Truro ship, Indian community

   • SAHO
   • SAHO

9. Fiji begins importing Indian indentured laborers

   May 14, 1879Labels: Fiji, Leonidas ship, Sugar economy

   • Fiji Times
   • Leonidas

10. Last indentured-labor ships arrive in several colonies

    Jan 1, 1917Labels: Last arrivals, Trinidad 1917, Colonial recruitment

    • NATT
    • NLJ

11. Imperial policy shifts toward ending indentured emigration

    Apr 4, 1917Labels: Imperial policy, British government, Secretary of

    • Hansard

12. Indenture contracts in Fiji terminate, ending “girmit”

    Jan 1, 1920Labels: Fiji girmit, Contract termination, Indo-Fijians

    • Fiji Times
    • UNESCO