Ilkhanid–Mamluk competition and its impact on Silk Road commerce (13th–15th centuries CE)

1. Ain Jalut blocks Mongol advance into Egypt

   Sep 3, 1260Labels: Ain Jalut, Mamluk Sultanate

   • Britannica
   • Ain Jalut

2. Ghazan converts, keeps war with Mamluks

   Nov 3, 1295Labels: Ghazan, Ilkhanate

   • Britannica
   • Ghazan

3. Ilkhanids defeat Mamluks at Wadi al-Khaznadar

   Dec 22, 1299Labels: Wadi al-Khaznadar, Ghazan

   • Wadi al Khaznadar
   • Mongol Syria

4. Ilkhanids occupy Damascus after 1299 campaign

   Dec 28, 1299Labels: Damascus, Ilkhanate

   • Damascus 1299
   • Mongol Syria

5. Mamluks win at Marj al-Saffar, end invasions

   Apr 20, 1303Labels: Marj al-Saffar, Mamluk Sultanate

   • Marj al Saffar
   • Britannica

6. Siege of al-Rahba marks last major engagement

   Jan 26, 1313Labels: al-Rahba, Siege of

   • Al Rahba siege
   • Mongol Syria

7. Abu Sa'id–al-Nasir Muhammad peace is ratified

   Jan 1, 1323Labels: Abu Sa'id, al-Nasir Muhammad

   • Mongol Syria
   • Ilkhanate timeline

8. Death of Abu Sa'id accelerates Ilkhanate fragmentation

   Nov 30, 1335Labels: Abu Sa'id, Ilkhanate fragmentation

   • Abu Sa id
   • Ilkhanate timeline

9. Post-Ilkhanate civil wars disrupt northern routes

   Jul 24, 1336Labels: Post-Ilkhanate, Mongol factions

   • Qara Darra
   • Ilkhanate timeline

10. Siege of Caffa links Black Sea trade to plague

    Jan 1, 1347Labels: Caffa, Black Sea

    • Siege of Caffa
    • Met Museum

11. Timur devastates Syrian trade cities under Mamluks

    Nov 11, 1400Labels: Timur, Aleppo

    • Britannica
    • Met Museum

12. Early 1400s recovery revives Mamluk transit commerce

    Jan 1, 1425Labels: Aleppo, Economic recovery

    • Met Museum
    • Eminak

13. Ottoman victory at Marj Dabiq ends Mamluk Syria

    Aug 24, 1516Labels: Marj Dabiq, Ottoman Empire

    • Marj Dabiq
    • Ottoman Mamluk War

14. Ottomans capture Cairo, ending Mamluk Sultanate

    Jan 27, 1517Labels: Cairo, Ottoman conquest

    • Cairo 1517
    • Ottoman Mamluk War