Hybrid zones and replacement events between Homo sapiens and archaic hominins in Eurasia (c. 120–30 ka)

1. Early Homo sapiens reaches southeast Europe (Apidima 1)

   -0210000-01-01Labels: Apidima 1, Apidima Cave, Homo sapiens

   • Nature
   • Smithsonian

2. Levantine Homo sapiens recorded at Misliya Cave

   -0185000-01-01Labels: Misliya-1, Misliya Cave, Homo sapiens

   • TAU
   • Smithsonian

3. Neanderthal presence documented at Apidima (Apidima 2)

   -0170000-01-01Labels: Apidima 2, Apidima Cave, Neanderthal

   • Nature

4. Skhul and Qafzeh burials show sustained Levant presence

   -0120000-01-01Labels: Skhul, Qafzeh, Homo sapiens

   • Paleo
   • Wiki

5. Modern humans occupy Mandrin Cave in Neanderthal territory

   -0054000-01-01Labels: Mandrin Cave, Neanderthal, Homo sapiens

   • Wiki
   • Nature

6. Major Neanderthal–Homo sapiens admixture event dated genetically

   -0047000-01-01Labels: Neanderthal admixture, Genomic dating

   • Nature

7. Early Homo sapiens established in Europe at Bacho Kiro

   -0046000-01-01Labels: Bacho Kiro, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal ancestry

   • MPG
   • DW

8. Pioneer Homo sapiens reaches higher-latitude Europe (Ranis)

   -0045000-01-01Labels: Ranis, LRJ, Homo sapiens

   • Nature
   • Nature

9. Ust’-Ishim genome shows recent Neanderthal ancestry segments

   -0045000-01-01Labels: Ust -Ishim, Ancient genome

   • NatGeo

10. Neanderthal Mousterian ends across much of Europe

    -0041030-01-01Labels: Mousterian, Neanderthal

    • Oxford
    • SciAm

11. Oase 1 shows very recent Neanderthal ancestor

    -0040500-01-01Labels: Oase 1, Pe tera, Neanderthal ancestor

    • Wiki

12. Hybrid zones leave lasting genetic legacy in living Eurasians

    -0039000-01-01Labels: Neanderthal legacy, Eurasians

    • Nature
    • LeMonde