Hainan island and Beibu Gulf maritime networks (Tang–Ming, 8th–16th centuries)

1. Tang establishes Qiong Prefecture on Hainan

   Jan 1, 631Labels: Qiong Prefecture, Hainan

   • Qiong Prefecture

2. Hepu continues as a key Beibu Gulf outlet

   Jan 1, 700Labels: Hepu, Beibu Gulf

   • CORE paper

3. Qiong Prefecture renamed Qiongshan Commandery

   Jan 1, 742Labels: Qiongshan Commandery, Tang administration

   • Qiong Prefecture

4. Song-era growth of regulated maritime commerce

   Jan 1, 960Labels: Song dynasty, coastal hubs

   • Maritime Silk Road

5. Qiongzhou administrative center persists into the Song

   Jan 1, 1000Labels: Qiongzhou, Qiongshan county

   • Britannica
   • Qiong Prefecture

6. Maritime Trade Office established at Quanzhou

   Jan 1, 1087Labels: Quanzhou, Maritime Trade

   • Quanzhou gov

7. Yuan ends Qiong Prefecture and reorganizes Hainan

   Jan 1, 1329Labels: Yuan dynasty, Hainan reorganization

   • Qiong Prefecture

8. Ming issues maritime prohibitions (haijin)

   Dec 1, 1371Labels: Ming haijin, Hongwu

   • Haijin
   • Jiajing raids

9. Zheng He voyages peak then conclude

   Jan 1, 1433Labels: Zheng He, Ming voyages

   • Britannica Zheng He

10. Portuguese reach China by sea via Pearl River Delta

    May 1, 1513Labels: Jorge lvares, Portuguese

    • Jorge lvares
    • Portuguese Malacca

11. Maritime restrictions intensify amid wokou crisis

    Jan 1, 1525Labels: wokou, Ming coastal

    • Jiajing raids
    • Haijin

12. Ming relaxes sea bans by opening Yuegang

    Jan 17, 1567Labels: Yuegang, Haicheng County

    • Yuegang
    • Jiajing raids

13. 1605 Qiongshan earthquake reshapes northeast Hainan coast

    Jul 13, 1605Labels: 1605 earthquake, Dongzhai Harbor

    • 1605 quake
    • Dongzhai Harbor