Greek Colonization of the Western Mediterranean (c. 750–550 BCE)

1. Euboeans establish Pithekoussai trading emporium

   Jan 1, 775 BCELabels: Pithekoussai, Euboeans

   • Penn Museum
   • Ischia

2. Greek foundation of Cumae on mainland Italy

   Jan 1, 750 BCELabels: Cumae, Euboeans

   • Cumae

3. Chalcidians found Naxos, first Greek colony in Sicily

   Jan 1, 734 BCELabels: Naxos Sicily, Chalcidians

   • Britannica
   • Naxos

4. Corinthians found Syracuse on Ortygia

   Jan 1, 734 BCELabels: Syracuse, Corinthians

   • Britannica
   • WHE

5. Greek settlements at Rhegion and Zancle secure the strait

   Jan 1, 730 BCELabels: Rhegion, Zancle

   • Thucydides
   • ReggioCal

6. Megara Hyblaea later founds Selinus in southwest Sicily

   Jan 1, 628 BCELabels: Selinus, Megara Hyblaea

   • Selinunte
   • WHE

7. Phocaeans found Massalia (Marseille) in southern Gaul

   Jan 1, 600 BCELabels: Massalia, Phocaeans

   • Massalia
   • UChicago

8. Phocaeans establish Emporion trading settlement in Catalonia

   Jan 1, 575 BCELabels: Emporion, Phocaeans

   • Emp ries
   • MAC

9. Phocaeans found Alalia colony on Corsica

   Jan 1, 565 BCELabels: Alalia, Phocaeans

   • Alalia
   • Emp riesFR

10. Persian capture of Phocaea triggers westward refugee movement

    Jan 1, 546 BCELabels: Phocaea, Persian Empire

    • Massalia
    • Alalia

11. Phocaean refugees found Elea (Velia) in southern Italy

    Jan 1, 540 BCELabels: Elea Velia, Phocaeans

    • Phocaea

12. Battle of Alalia between Phocaeans and Punic-Etruscan coalition

    Jan 1, 535 BCELabels: Battle of, Phocaeans

    • Alalia
    • AlaliaFR