Great Interregnum and the Rise of the Electors (1254–1273)

1. William of Holland killed in Friesland

   Jan 28, 1256Labels: William II, Friesland

   • Britannica
   • William II

2. Richard of Cornwall elected King of the Romans

   Jan 13, 1257Labels: Richard of, Prince-electors

   • Britannica
   • Richard Cornwall

3. Alfonso X elected rival King of the Romans

   Apr 1, 1257Labels: Alfonso X, Rival election

   • Britannica
   • Alfonso X

4. Richard crowned at Aachen

   May 17, 1257Labels: Richard of, Aachen

   • Britannica
   • Richard Cornwall

5. Richard returns to England after first German campaign

   Jan 1, 1259Labels: Richard of, England

   • Britannica Richard
   • Britannica

6. Richard’s second German visit shows limits of his rule

   Jun 1, 1260Labels: Richard of, German campaign

   • Britannica Richard
   • Britannica

7. Urban IV issues bull "Qui coelum" on the election dispute

   Jan 1, 1263Labels: Pope Urban, Qui coelum

   • Britannica

8. Richard begins his final German stay

   Aug 1, 1268Labels: Richard of, Rhineland

   • Britannica Richard
   • Britannica

9. Conradin executed after Tagliacozzo defeat

   Oct 29, 1268Labels: Conradin, Tagliacozzo

   • Britannica Conradin
   • Encyclopedia com

10. Richard marries Beatrice of Falkenburg

    Jun 16, 1269Labels: Richard of, Beatrice of

    • Beatrice
    • Britannica Richard

11. Richard dies; succession question reopens

    Apr 2, 1272Labels: Richard of, Succession

    • Britannica Richard
    • Richard Cornwall

12. Rudolf of Habsburg elected King of the Romans

    Sep 29, 1273Labels: Rudolf of, Prince-electors

    • Habsburger net
    • Britannica