German migration to the United States (1820–1870)

1. U.S. passenger-list law takes effect

   Jan 1, 1820Labels: U S, Passenger lists

   • CBP Timeline
   • Steerage Act

2. Duden publishes influential Missouri travel report

   Jan 1, 1829Labels: Gottfried Duden, Missouri Rhineland

   • Gottfried Duden
   • Gie en Society

3. German immigration rises sharply by 1830

   Jan 1, 1830Labels: German migrants

   • LOC Classroom

4. Giessen Emigration Society settles in Missouri

   Jan 1, 1834Labels: Giessen Emigration, Missouri settlement

   • Gie en Society

5. Saxon Lutheran migration seeks religious freedom

   Jan 1, 1838Labels: Saxon Lutherans, Religious migration

   • Saxon Lutherans

6. Adelsverein organized to promote Texas colonies

   Apr 20, 1842Labels: Adelsverein, German Texas

   • TSHA Adelsverein
   • UT Libraries

7. New Braunfels founded by Adelsverein immigrants

   Mar 1, 1845Labels: New Braunfels, Adelsverein

   • TSHA Adelsverein
   • UT Libraries

8. Fredericksburg established as second Texas colony

   Jan 1, 1846Labels: Fredericksburg, Adelsverein

   • TSHA Adelsverein
   • Fredericksburg History

9. Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod founded in Chicago

   Apr 26, 1847Labels: Lutheran Church, Chicago

   • LCMS History

10. 1848 revolutions spark “Forty-Eighter” emigration

    Dec 1, 1848Labels: Forty-Eighters, 1848 revolutions

    • LOC Chronology
    • Revolutions 1848

11. German arrivals peak around 1854

    Jan 1, 1854Labels: German arrivals, 1854 peak

    • LOC Classroom
    • LOC Chronology

12. Anti-immigrant violence erupts in Cincinnati

    Apr 1, 1855Labels: Cincinnati riots, Nativists

    • Cincinnati Riots

13. First U.S. kindergarten opened in Watertown

    Jan 1, 1856Labels: Margarethe Meyer, Watertown kindergarten

    • WI Hist Society

14. Homestead Act opens western land to settlers

    May 20, 1862Labels: Homestead Act, Western settlement

    • Britannica

15. German migration rebounds after U.S. Civil War

    Jan 1, 1867Labels: Postwar migration, German arrivals

    • Newberry FLPS
    • LOC Classroom

16. German-born population reaches about 1.69 million

    Jun 1, 1870Labels: 1870 census, German-born population

    • German US history