Gaochang and the Tocharian kingdoms: Buddhist courts in the Tarim Basin (4th–7th century CE)

1. Northern Liang court relocates to Gaochang

   Jan 1, 442Labels: Northern Liang, Gaochang

   • Northern Liang
   • Gaochang

2. Rouran conquest ends Northern Liang rule in Gaochang

   Jan 1, 460Labels: Rouran Khaganate, Kan Bozhou

   • Gaochang
   • Tuhezhen

3. Bezeklik cave-temple tradition begins near Gaochang

   Jan 1, 500Labels: Bezeklik, Turfan

   • Bezeklik
   • Gaochang

4. Tocharian Buddhist culture anchors Jiaohe (Jushi)

   Jan 1, 500Labels: Jiaohe, Jushi

   • Jiaohe
   • Karasahr

5. Qu Jia chosen as king of Gaochang

   Jan 1, 501Labels: Qu family, Gaochang

   • Gaochang

6. Qu Boya’s tribute to Sui triggers internal upheaval

   Jan 1, 607Labels: Qu Boya, Sui dynasty

   • Gaochang

7. King Qu Wentai hosts pilgrim Xuanzang

   Jan 1, 630Labels: Qu Wentai, Xuanzang

   • IEP Xuanzang
   • Xuanzang

8. Tang conquest annexes Gaochang as a prefecture

   Jan 1, 640Labels: Tang dynasty, Gaochang prefecture

   • Karakhoja 640
   • Gaochang

9. Tang campaign captures Karasahr (Yanqi/Agni)

   Jan 1, 644Labels: Tang campaign, Karasahr

   • Karasahr wars
   • Conquest Turks

10. Tang reasserts control over Karasahr and Kucha

    Jan 1, 648Labels: Tang dynasty, Kucha

    • Conquest Turks
    • Tang Western Turks

11. Tang annexation closes the era of independent Buddhist courts

    Jan 1, 649Labels: Tang annexation, Tocharian kingdoms

    • Karakhoja 640
    • Conquest Turks
    • Gaochang

12. Astana Cemetery documents Gaochang’s settled communities

    Jan 1, 700Labels: Astana Cemetery, Gaochang settlers

    • Astana
    • Gaochang