Gadsden Purchase and Southern Territorial Adjustments (1853–1854)

1. James Gadsden appointed U.S. minister to Mexico

   Jun 3, 1853Labels: James Gadsden, Franklin Pierce

   • Senate Gov
   • State Dept

2. Treaty of La Mesilla (Gadsden Purchase) signed

   Dec 30, 1853Labels: Treaty of, James Gadsden

   • Yale Avalon
   • Britannica
   • Nat Archives

3. U.S. Senate ratifies a revised Gadsden Treaty

   Apr 25, 1854Labels: U S

   • State Dept
   • Nat Archives

4. Santa Anna accepts the revised treaty terms

   Jun 8, 1854Labels: Antonio L

   • State Dept
   • Nat Archives

5. Ratifications exchanged and treaty proclaimed effective

   Jun 30, 1854Labels: United States, treaty ratification

   • Yale Avalon
   • Nat Archives

6. United States pays $10 million for the purchase

   Jun 30, 1854Labels: United States, Mexico

   • Britannica
   • State Dept

7. Purchased lands added to New Mexico Territory administration

   Jul 1, 1854Labels: New Mexico

   • Nat Archives
   • N M Territory

8. U.S.–Mexico boundary survey work begins

   Jan 1, 1855Labels: Boundary Survey

   • Library Congress
   • Nat Archives

9. Butterfield Overland Mail route crosses purchase region

   Sep 16, 1858Labels: Butterfield Overland

   • Britannica
   • NPS

10. Confederate Arizona declared from southern New Mexico

    Aug 1, 1861Labels: Confederate Arizona

    • Britannica
    • Nat Archives

11. Arizona Territory created, dividing New Mexico Territory

    Feb 24, 1863Labels: Arizona Territory, Congress

    • Nat Archives
    • Britannica

12. Arizona admitted as a U.S. state

    Feb 14, 1912Labels: Arizona statehood

    • Nat Archives
    • Britannica