First Italian War of Independence (1848–1849)

1. Statuto Albertino establishes a constitutional monarchy

   Mar 4, 1848Labels: Statuto Albertino, Charles Albert, Piedmont-Sardinia

   • Britannica
   • Treccani

2. Milan’s “Five Days” drive out Austrian forces

   Mar 18, 1848Labels: Milan, Joseph Radetzky

   • Five Days
   • War overview

3. Venice proclaims the Republic of San Marco

   Mar 22, 1848Labels: Republic of, Daniele Manin, Venice

   • San Marco
   • Britannica Italy

4. Piedmont-Sardinia declares war on Austria

   Mar 23, 1848Labels: Piedmont-Sardinia, Charles Albert

   • War overview
   • Archive snapshot

5. Goito Bridge clash opens the Mincio line

   Apr 8, 1848Labels: Goito, Mincio River

   • Goito Bridge
   • War overview

6. Santa Lucia attack fails outside Verona

   May 6, 1848Labels: Santa Lucia, Verona

   • Santa Lucia
   • Liechtenstein Coll

7. Curtatone and Montanara delay Austrian maneuvers

   May 29, 1848Labels: Curtatone, Montanara

   • UN Pisa
   • War overview

8. Peschiera falls as Goito battle is won

   May 30, 1848Labels: Peschiera, Goito

   • State Archives
   • Goito

9. Custoza defeats Piedmont-Sardinia’s main army

   Jul 24, 1848Labels: Custoza, Radetzky

   • Britannica
   • Custoza 1848

10. Salasco Armistice pauses the war’s first phase

    Aug 9, 1848Labels: Armistice of, Piedmont-Sardinia

    • Fototeca Gilardi
    • War overview

11. Roman Republic is proclaimed in the Papal States

    Feb 1, 1849Labels: Roman Republic, Papal States

    • Roman Republic
    • Britannica Rome

12. Charles Albert renews war against Austria

    Mar 12, 1849Labels: Charles Albert, Piedmont-Sardinia

    • Novara
    • War overview

13. Novara ends in decisive Austrian victory

    Mar 23, 1849Labels: Novara, Radetzky

    • Novara
    • War overview

14. Vignale Armistice follows Charles Albert’s abdication

    Mar 24, 1849Labels: Armistice of, Victor Emmanuel

    • War overview
    • Vignale

15. French siege overthrows the Roman Republic

    Jul 1, 1849Labels: French intervention, Giuseppe Garibaldi

    • Britannica Rome
    • Fall of Rome

16. Treaty of Milan formalizes Austrian victory

    Aug 6, 1849Labels: Treaty of, Piedmont-Sardinia

    • War overview
    • Vignale

17. Venice surrenders, ending the Republic of San Marco

    Aug 22, 1849Labels: Venice, Republic of

    • San Marco
    • Manin