Establishment of Taiwan Province and late‑Qing island reforms (1885–1887)

1. Treaty of Tianjin ends the Sino‑French War

   Jun 9, 1885Labels: Treaty of, China, France

   • US Historian
   • Britannica
   • ChiCulture

2. French forces evacuate Keelung after the war

   Jun 21, 1885Labels: Keelung, French Navy

   • Treaty Tianjin
   • Keelung campaign

3. French forces withdraw from the Penghu Islands

   Jul 22, 1885Labels: Penghu Islands, French Navy

   • Treaty Tianjin
   • Pescadores campaign

4. Qing court moves to elevate Taiwan’s status

   Sep 1, 1885Labels: Qing court, Taiwan

   • Taiwan Review
   • Taiwan gov

5. Office of Taiwan governor created; Liu appointed

   Oct 1, 1885Labels: Liu Mingchuan, Office of

   • Eminent Ching
   • Taiwan cn
   • Liu Mingchuan

6. Taiwan declared a Qing province

   Oct 1, 1885Labels: Taiwan Province, Qing dynasty

   • Taiwan gov
   • AP News
   • Taiwan Province

7. Arsenal and Western-style military works expanded in Taipei

   Jan 1, 1886Labels: Taipei Arsenal, Liu Mingchuan

   • Eminent Ching
   • First governor

8. Telegraph expansion strengthens north–south administration

   Jan 1, 1886Labels: Telegraph network, Taiwan

   • First governor
   • Liu Mingchuan

9. Taipei electrification begins under provincial modernization

   Jan 1, 1887Labels: Taipei, Electrification

   • Taiwan Today
   • First governor

10. Coastal batteries developed to harden Taiwan’s ports

    Jan 1, 1887Labels: Coastal batteries, Taiwan ports

    • Eminent Ching
    • First governor

11. Provincial institutions consolidate Taiwan’s new status

    Jan 1, 1887Labels: Provincial institutions, Prefectures

    • Taiwan Province
    • Taipeh Prefecture

12. 1885–1887 reforms leave a modernization template

    Dec 31, 1887Labels: 1885 1887, Taiwan modernization

    • Taiwan gov
    • Liu Mingchuan
    • Taiwan Today