Development of radiocarbon chronologies in Andean archaeology (1950s–2000s)

1. Radiocarbon dating introduced to archaeology

   Jan 1, 1950Labels: Willard Libby, Radiocarbon

   • Nobel Prize

2. Viru Valley Project establishes valley-wide sequences

   Jan 1, 1953Labels: Viru Valley, Gordon R

   • Smithsonian

3. Engel’s mid-1960s excavations at El Paraíso

   Jan 1, 1965Labels: El Para, Fr d

   • El Para so

4. MacNeish expands highland cave ¹⁴C sequences

   May 22, 1970Labels: Richard S, Ayacucho Basin

   • Science
   • Michigan Press

5. First internationally agreed ¹⁴C calibration dataset

   Jan 1, 1982Labels: Calibration dataset, Radiocarbon calibration

   • CALIB Manual

6. Quilter’s 1980s program dates El Paraíso sequence

   Jan 1, 1982Labels: Jeffrey Quilter, El Para

   • El Para so

7. CALIB program standardizes archaeological calibration workflows

   Jan 1, 1993Labels: CALIB program, Radiocarbon calibration

   • CALIB Manual
   • QSR

8. OxCal enables Bayesian chronological modeling in practice

   Jan 1, 1995Labels: OxCal, Bayesian modeling

   • OxCal Manual

9. ANDY database compiles Central Andean ¹⁴C determinations

   Jan 1, 1995Labels: ANDY database, Central Andes

   • Radiocarbon

10. IntCal98 ratifies updated calibration to 24 ka

    Jan 1, 1998Labels: IntCal98, Calibration curve

    • Radiocarbon

11. IntCal Working Group formed to refine calibration standards

    Jan 1, 2001Labels: IntCal Working, Calibration standards

    • IntCal History

12. IntCal04 and SHCal04 expand and formalize calibration

    Jan 1, 2004Labels: IntCal04, SHCal04

    • Cambridge
    • IntCal Curves

13. IntCal09 extends calibration back to 50 ka

    Jan 1, 2009Labels: IntCal09, Marine09

    • Cambridge
    • IntCal History

14. IntCal13 updates calibration and maintains 0–50 ka range

    Jan 1, 2013Labels: IntCal13, Marine13

    • Cambridge
    • IntCal Curves