Development of Land Revenue and Agrarian Administration: From Mauryan Estates to Mughal Zabti (c.3rd century BCE–17th century CE)

1. Kautilya outlines Mauryan revenue statecraft

   Jan 1, 300 BCELabels: Kautilya, Artha stra, Mauryan administration

   • Britannica Arthashastra
   • BYJU S Notes

2. Mauryan land revenue standardized as bhāga

   Jan 1, 280 BCELabels: Mauryan state, Bh ga

   • BYJU S Notes
   • Testbook

3. Ashoka grants tax relief at Lumbini

   Jan 1, 249 BCELabels: Ashoka, Rummindei pillar, Lumbini

   • GKToday
   • EduKemy

4. Post-Mauryan shift toward grants and intermediaries

   Jan 1, 185 BCELabels: Land grants, Local intermediaries

   • Britannica India
   • CBC Gupta

5. Gupta-era revenue offices and land records expand

   Jan 1, 320Labels: Gupta administration, Land records

   • CBC Gupta
   • HistoryExamPrep

6. Delhi Sultanate relies on khalisa and iqṭāʿ

   Jan 1, 1206Labels: Delhi Sultanate, Khalisa, Iq

   • CBC Sultanate
   • Iqta overview

7. Alauddin Khalji raises demand and measures land

   Jan 1, 1296Labels: Alauddin Khalji, Paimaish

   • Alauddin reforms
   • GKToday

8. Tughlaq-era pressures intensify fiscal experimentation

   Jan 1, 1320Labels: Tughlaq dynasty, Fiscal experiments

   • Britannica Tughluq
   • CBC Sultanate

9. Sher Shah Suri links measurement to assessed demand

   Jan 1, 1540Labels: Sher Shah, Revenue measurement

   • CBC Sur
   • Britannica Sher Shah

10. Akbar begins empire-wide revenue reorganization

    Jan 1, 1560Labels: Akbar, Mughal revenue

    • Britannica Akbar
    • Mughal revenue

11. Karori experiment expands measurement and reporting

    Jan 1, 1574Labels: Karori experiment, Revenue circles

    • Mughal revenue
    • Book 5 PDF

12. Ain-i-Dahsala (zabt/zabti) settlement adopted

    Jan 1, 1580Labels: Ain-i-Dahsala, Zabt Zabti

    • Todar Mal
    • Book 5 PDF
    • Mughal revenue

13. Zabti coexists with batai and other methods

    Jan 1, 1605Labels: Batai, Zabti coexistence

    • Mughal revenue
    • PT Education