Convict-built public works and infrastructure (1790–1860)

1. Convicts begin building Sydney’s earliest roads

   Jan 1, 1790Labels: Sydney Cove, Roadworks

   • State Library
   • Britannica

2. Dawes Point Battery constructed at Sydney Harbour

   Jan 1, 1791Labels: Dawes Point, Sandstone masonry

   • NSW Heritage
   • Wikipedia

3. Parramatta becomes a key inland public-works focus

   Jan 1, 1791Labels: Parramatta, Public works

   • Britannica
   • NSW Heritage

4. Macquarie commissions Emu Plains–Bathurst Road

   Jul 1, 1814Labels: William Cox, Emu Plains

   • Museums NSW
   • Wikipedia

5. Cox’s Road completed in 27 weeks

   Jan 14, 1815Labels: Cox s, Road gangs

   • Museums NSW
   • Wikipedia

6. Rum Hospital completed for convict medical care

   Jan 1, 1816Labels: Rum Hospital, Medical facility

   • Museums NSW
   • NSW Parliament
   • NMA

7. Foundation stone laid for Hyde Park Barracks

   Apr 6, 1817Labels: Hyde Park, Francis Greenway

   • DCCEEW
   • Wikipedia

8. Parramatta Female Factory foundation stone laid

   Jul 9, 1818Labels: Parramatta Female, Female factory

   • Female Factory
   • Wikipedia

9. Hyde Park Barracks completed and opened

   Jun 4, 1819Labels: Hyde Park, Convict accommodation

   • DCCEEW
   • Wikipedia

10. St James’ Church foundation stone laid

    Oct 7, 1819Labels: St James, Francis Greenway

    • State Library
    • Wikipedia

11. Parramatta Female Factory opens to inmates

    Feb 1, 1821Labels: Parramatta Female, Inmate housing

    • Female Factory
    • UNESCO TL

12. St James’ Church consecrated in Sydney

    Feb 1, 1824Labels: St James, Consecration

    • State Library
    • Wikipedia

13. Surveying begins for the Great North Road

    Jan 1, 1825Labels: Great North, Surveying

    • NSW Gov
    • Wikipedia

14. Great North Road convict construction accelerates

    Jan 1, 1826Labels: Great North, Road gangs

    • NSW Gov
    • Wikipedia

15. Great North Road completed to planned standard

    Jan 1, 1836Labels: Great North, Old Great

    • NSW Gov
    • Wikipedia

16. Australian Convict Sites inscribed on UNESCO list

    Jul 31, 2010Labels: Australian Convict, UNESCO

    • UNESCO
    • UNESCO Docs