Continuity of Ottoman elites: former imperial officials in early Republican administrations (1900–1950)

1. Young Turk Revolution restores constitution

   Jul 1, 1908Labels: Young Turks, Abd lhamid

   • Britannica
   • CUP

2. CUP consolidates influence within Ottoman government

   Aug 1, 1909Labels: Committee of

   • CUP

3. World War I expands state and military bureaucracy

   Nov 11, 1914Labels: World War, Ottoman army

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

4. Armistice of Mudros signed by Ottoman minister

   Oct 30, 1918Labels: Armistice of, H seyin

   • Rauf Orbay
   • Atam Dergi

5. Amasya Circular signals organized national resistance

   Jun 22, 1919Labels: Amasya Circular, Mustafa Kemal

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

6. Grand National Assembly formed in Ankara

   Apr 23, 1920Labels: Grand National, Ankara

   • Britannica
   • Britannica

7. Former Ottoman naval officer becomes Ankara prime minister

   Jul 12, 1922Labels: H seyin, Ankara government

   • Rauf Orbay
   • Atam Dergi

8. Sultanate abolished, ending imperial monarchy

   Nov 1, 1922Labels: Sultanate abolition, Grand National

   • Sultanate
   • Britannica

9. Republic proclaimed; Ottoman-trained cadre leads government

   Oct 29, 1923Labels: Republic of, smet n

   • Britannica
   • Republic
   • n n

10. Caliphate abolished; Ottoman dynasty expelled

    Mar 3, 1924Labels: Caliphate abolition, Ottoman dynasty

    • Britannica
    • Caliphate

11. Ottoman-born jurist Şükrü Kaya becomes foreign minister

    Nov 21, 1924Labels: kr Kaya, Foreign Ministry

    • kr Kaya
    • Britannica

12. Sheikh Said rebellion prompts security-centered governance

    Feb 13, 1925Labels: Sheikh Said, Interior Ministry

    • Sheikh Said
    • Britannica

13. Ottoman-born physician Tevfik Rüştü Aras leads diplomacy

    Mar 4, 1925Labels: Tevfik R, Foreign Ministry

    • Aras
    • Britannica

14. Turkish Historical Society founded to shape national narrative

    Apr 12, 1931Labels: Turkish Historical, Atat rk

    • TTK
    • TTK Brief

15. Turkish Language Association founded to reform official language

    Jul 12, 1932Labels: Turkish Language

    • TDK
    • Britannica

16. Surname Law standardizes citizen identification

    Jun 21, 1934Labels: Surname Law

    • Surname Law
    • Britannica

17. İnönü presidency maintains one-party elite governance

    Nov 11, 1938Labels: smet n, Republican People

    • n n
    • Britannica

18. Former CUP figure Celâl Bayar helps found Democrat Party

    Jan 7, 1946Labels: Cel l, Democrat Party

    • Encyclopedia com
    • Britannica

19. First multi-party general election held in Turkey

    Jul 21, 1946Labels: 1946 election, Parliament

    • 1946 Election
    • Britannica

20. Bayar elected president, closing early-Republic elite transition

    May 22, 1950Labels: Cel l, Presidency 1950

    • Britannica
    • 1950 Pres