Consolidation of asset-management firms and impacts on wealth concentration (1990–2022)

1. Index funds expand into mainstream portfolios

   Jan 1, 1990Labels: Index funds

   • Britannica

2. BlackRock grows from risk-focused bond manager

   Jan 1, 1992Labels: BlackRock

   • BlackRock Wiki

3. State Street launches SPDR S&P 500 ETF

   Jan 22, 1993Labels: SPDR SPY

   • SSGA SPY
   • State Street PR

4. BlackRock merges with PNC-led structure

   Jan 1, 1995Labels: PNC Financial

   • BlackRock Wiki

5. BlackRock becomes a public company

   Oct 1, 1999Labels: BlackRock

   • IPO date
   • BlackRock Wiki

6. Vanguard launches its first ETFs (VIPERs)

   May 1, 2001Labels: Vanguard

   • Vanguard ETFs

7. BlackRock acquires Merrill Lynch Investment Managers

   Sep 29, 2006Labels: BlackRock, MLIM

   • SEC filing

8. Financial crisis heightens demand for scale and risk systems

   Sep 15, 2008Labels: 2007 2009

   • Fed history

9. Barclays accepts BlackRock’s offer for BGI

   Jun 12, 2009Labels: Barclays, BGI

   • SEC release
   • The Banker

10. BlackRock completes acquisition of Barclays Global Investors

    Dec 1, 2009Labels: BlackRock, BGI

    • SEC completion

11. ETF dominance deepens as low-cost giants expand

    Jan 1, 2010Labels: ETFs

    • Investopedia ETF

12. Top managers’ scale highlighted in 2022 institutional totals

    Dec 31, 2022Labels: Top managers

    • IPE Top 500

13. Vanguard’s flagship S&P 500 ETF surpasses SPY

    Feb 1, 2025Labels: Vanguard, VOO

    • FT ETF crown