Congo Free State rubber extraction and concession companies (1885–1908)

1. Congo Free State recognized under Leopold II

   Jan 1, 1885Labels: Leopold II, Congo Free

   • German FO
   • Britannica

2. Berlin Conference act sets Congo trade rules

   Feb 26, 1885Labels: Berlin Conference, General Act

   • German FO

3. Force Publique created to enforce colonial rule

   Nov 17, 1885Labels: Force Publique

   • Force Publique
   • Force publique

4. Secret decree claims state control over rubber

   Sep 21, 1891Labels: Royal Decree, State Monopoly

   • US Historian

5. Lulonga Company joins rubber concession economy

   Jan 1, 1892Labels: Lulonga Company

   • Lulonga

6. ABIR founded as major rubber concession company

   Aug 6, 1892Labels: ABIR, Anglo-Belgian India

   • AfricaMuseum
   • ABIR

7. Société Anversoise receives Mongala rubber concession

   Nov 18, 1892Labels: Soci t, Mongala concession

   • Anversoise
   • Anversoise

8. Domaine de la Couronne expands royal rubber monopoly

   Jan 1, 1896Labels: Domaine de, Crown Domain

   • US Historian

9. ABIR reorganized as Abir Congo Company

   Jan 1, 1898Labels: Abir Congo

   • AfricaMuseum
   • ABIR

10. Casement Report documents Congo rubber abuses

    Jan 1, 1904Labels: Casement Report, Roger Casement

    • Casement

11. Congo Reform Association launches international campaign

    Jan 1, 1904Labels: Congo Reform

    • CRA
    • CRA FR

12. Leopold’s Inquiry confirms major problems in Congo

    Oct 30, 1905Labels: Commission of, Leopold s

    • Hansard 1906
    • Hansard 1905

13. Major concession companies hand back control

    Jan 1, 1906Labels: Concession Companies

    • AfricaMuseum
    • Anversoise
    • Lulonga

14. Belgium annexes Congo Free State, ending Leopold’s rule

    Nov 15, 1908Labels: Belgian Annexation, Belgian Congo

    • Colonial Charter
    • Belgian Congo