Collapse, transformation, and cultural succession on the central Peruvian coast (c. 1900–1500 BCE)

1. Caral–Supe coastal center Áspero occupied

   Jan 1, 3700 BCELabels: spero, Caral Supe

   • spero
   • Britannica

2. Caral urban center flourishes in Supe Valley

   Jan 1, 2600 BCELabels: Caral-Supe, Supe Valley

   • UNESCO WHC
   • UNESCO Archives

3. Caral–Supe influence spans multiple coast valleys

   Jan 1, 2200 BCELabels: Caral Supe, Central Coast

   • Caral Supe
   • UNESCO WHC

4. El Paraíso emerges near end of preceramic era

   Jan 1, 1900 BCELabels: El Para, Chill n

   • El Para so
   • UNM Notes

5. Caral–Supe centers begin regional decline

   Jan 1, 1900 BCELabels: Caral Supe

   • Caral Supe
   • Caral ES

6. Áspero’s Late Archaic occupation ends

   Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: spero

   • spero
   • Caral Supe

7. Supe Valley Caral settlements largely abandoned

   Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: Caral settlements, Supe Valley

   • Caral ES
   • UNESCO WHC

8. Initial Period begins with pottery on central coast

   Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: Initial Period, Central Coast

   • Britannica
   • Las Haldas

9. Vichama develops Early Formative monumental phases

   Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: Vichama, Huaura Valley

   • Frontiers
   • Vichama

10. Sechin Alto complex expands in Early Formative Casma

    Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: Sech n, Casma Valley

    • Sech n Alto
    • Britannica

11. Cerro Sechín built and becomes major ceremonial site

    Jan 1, 1600 BCELabels: Cerro Sech, Casma Valley

    • Cerro Sech n
    • Met Essay

12. Peñico founded as late Caral-associated center

    Jan 1, 1600 BCELabels: Pe ico, Huaura

    • Pe ico
    • Guardian