China's Trade Controls and Industrial Protection since 1949 (1949–2015)

1. Common Program sets state-led economic framework

   Sep 29, 1949Labels: Common Program, PRC government

   • Common Program
   • Britannica China

2. First state foreign-trade corporations are created

   Mar 10, 1950Labels: Foreign trade, State-owned enterprises

   • Sinochem

3. Reform era launched at CCP Third Plenum

   Dec 18, 1978Labels: Third Plenum, CCP

   • CCP Third Plenum
   • Britannica China

4. Special Economic Zones approved for export-led growth

   Aug 26, 1980Labels: Special Economic, Shenzhen

   • SEZs China
   • Shenzhen SEZ

5. Fourteen coastal cities opened to foreign investment

   May 1, 1984Labels: Open cities, Coastal provinces

   • SEZs China
   • WashPost 1984

6. China applies to rejoin the GATT

   Jul 10, 1986Labels: GATT application, China

   • China MFA
   • USTR WTO 2001

7. Exchange-rate system unified, boosting export competitiveness

   Jan 1, 1994Labels: Exchange-rate reform, PBoC

   • FRBSF 1998
   • HKCER Letter

8. Foreign Trade Law adopted to regulate trade actors

   May 12, 1994Labels: Foreign Trade, MOFCOM

   • MOJ Foreign Trade

9. Foreign-investment catalog system introduced

   Jun 20, 1995Labels: Investment catalog, NDRC

   • PRC Catalog 1995
   • China org cn

10. China joins the WTO as 143rd member

    Dec 11, 2001Labels: WTO accession, China

    • USTR WTO 2001
    • China org cn

11. Renminbi exchange-rate reform shifts away from strict dollar peg

    Jul 21, 2005Labels: Renminbi reform, Exchange-rate policy

    • FRBSF 2005

12. Science and technology plan emphasizes “indigenous innovation”

    Feb 9, 2006Labels: Science plan, Indigenous innovation

    • MOST 2006
    • Springer S T

13. Made in China 2025 issued as manufacturing upgrade strategy

    May 8, 2015Labels: Made in, State Council

    • CSET MIC2025
    • CRS MIC2025