Carthaginian Maritime Empire in the Western Mediterranean (c. 800–146 BCE)

1. Traditional founding of Carthage

   Jan 1, 814 BCELabels: Carthage, Tyre

   • Britannica
   • Met Museum

2. Phoenician settlement established on Ibiza (Sa Caleta)

   Jan 1, 654 BCELabels: Sa Caleta, Phoenicians

   • Sa Caleta
   • UNESCO

3. Carthaginian influence expands in western Sicily

   Jan 1, 600 BCELabels: Sicily, Motya

   • Britannica
   • Met Museum

4. First recorded treaty between Rome and Carthage

   Jan 1, 509 BCELabels: Rome, Carthage

   • Polybius trans
   • Treaties summary

5. Carthaginian defeat at the Battle of Himera

   Jan 1, 480 BCELabels: Battle of, Carthage

   • Himera 480
   • Britannica

6. First Punic War begins over Sicily

   Jan 1, 264 BCELabels: First Punic, Sicily

   • Britannica
   • First Punic War

7. Rome’s fleet suffers early defeat at the Lipari Islands

   Jan 1, 260 BCELabels: Lipari Islands, Roman fleet

   • Lipari battle
   • First Punic War

8. Mercenary War erupts after the First Punic War

   Jan 1, 241 BCELabels: Mercenary War, Carthage

   • Mercenary War
   • Britannica

9. Roman victory at the Battle of the Aegates Islands

   Mar 10, 241 BCELabels: Battle of, Rome

   • Aegates battle
   • Britannica

10. Hamilcar Barca begins Carthaginian expansion in Iberia

    Jan 1, 237 BCELabels: Hamilcar Barca, Iberia

    • Britannica
    • Punic Wars

11. Second Punic War begins

    Jan 1, 218 BCELabels: Second Punic, Rome

    • Britannica
    • Second Punic War

12. Hannibal crosses the Alps into Italy

    Sep 1, 218 BCELabels: Hannibal, Alps

    • Britannica
    • Alps crossing

13. Third Punic War begins with Roman invasion

    Jan 1, 149 BCELabels: Third Punic, Roman invasion

    • Britannica
    • Third Punic War

14. Carthage is captured and destroyed

    Jan 1, 146 BCELabels: Carthage, Roman conquest

    • Britannica
    • Battle 146