Bell Beaker phenomenon and population movements in Western Europe (c. 2800–1800 BCE)

1. Bell Beaker phase ends across western Europe

   Jan 1, 1800Labels: Beaker phenomenon, Western Europe, Early Bronze

   • UCL Beakers
   • Bell Beaker

2. Steppe-related ancestry becomes dominant in Iberia later

   Jan 1, 2200Labels: Iberia, Steppe ancestry, Y-chromosome shift

   • Springer Review
   • Bell Beaker

3. Únětice culture rises as Beaker traditions fade

   Jan 1, 2300Labels: n tice, Central Europe, Bronze Age

   • n tice
   • Bell Beaker

4. Genetic turnover in Britain accelerates after 2400 BCE

   Jan 1, 2400Labels: Britain, Genetic turnover, Beaker groups

   • Olalde 2018
   • UCL Beakers

5. Beaker-associated migrants arrive in Britain

   Jan 1, 2450Labels: Britain, Beaker migrants, Radiocarbon dating

   • UCL Beakers
   • Beaker Britain

6. Regional Beaker groups diverge in ancestry patterns

   Jan 1, 2500Labels: Regional Beaker, Ancestry variation, Ancient DNA

   • Springer Review
   • Olalde 2018

7. Stonehenge sarsen phase predates Beaker arrival

   Jan 1, 2500Labels: Stonehenge, Sarsen phase, Late Neolithic

   • Brit Museum
   • Stonehenge

8. Bell Beaker phenomenon spreads as shared “package”

   Jan 1, 2750Labels: Beaker package, Western Europe, Exchange networks

   • UCL Beakers
   • Beaker Britain

9. Maritime Beaker style emerges near Tagus estuary

   Jan 1, 2800Labels: Maritime Beaker, Tagus estuary, Portugal

   • Prehist Iberia
   • Beaker Britain

10. Corded Ware horizon expands across much of Europe

    Jan 1, 3000Labels: Corded Ware, Europe, Steppe carriers

    • Corded Ware
    • PMC Review

11. Steppe ancestry spreads into central-northern Europe

    Jan 1, 3200Labels: Steppe ancestry, Central-Northern Europe, Population shift

    • Nature 2023
    • PMC Review

12. Yamnaya horizon forms on Pontic–Caspian steppe

    Jan 1, 3300Labels: Yamnaya horizon, Pontic Caspian, Pastoralists

    • CARTA
    • Yamnaya