Anglo-Saxon coinage and minting: from sceattas to silver pennies (c. 600–1066)

1. Silver sceattas replace earlier gold issues

   Jan 1, 675Labels: sceatta, southeastern England

   • English Penny
   • Sceat
   • Royal Mint

2. Sceattas circulate widely in early medieval England

   Jan 1, 715Labels: sceatta, North Sea

   • Royal Mint
   • Sceat
   • English Penny

3. Beonna issues larger pennies naming king and title

   Jan 1, 749Labels: Beonna, East Anglia

   • Beonna
   • English Penny
   • East Anglia

4. Broad, thin silver pennies spread in southern England

   Jan 1, 755Labels: broad penny, southern England

   • English Penny
   • Sceat

5. Offa’s reign strengthens penny-based coinage and minting

   Jan 1, 757Labels: Offa, Mercia

   • English Penny
   • Offa Dinar

6. Cynethryth appears on Mercian portrait pennies

   Jan 1, 790Labels: Cynethryth, Mercian portrait

   • Cynethryth
   • Cambridge Core

7. Northumbria begins minting stycas in base metal

   Jan 1, 790Labels: styca, Northumbria

   • Styca
   • London Museum
   • ANS

8. Styca minting ends as Vikings take Northumbria

   Jan 1, 867Labels: styca, Viking conquest

   • Styca
   • London Museum

9. ‘Two Emperors’ pennies symbolize shared rule in London

   Jan 1, 879Labels: Two Emperors, London mint

   • Ceolwulf II

10. Athelstan expands mint network and mint signatures

    Jan 1, 924Labels: thelstan, mint network

    • Athelstan Museum

11. Edgar’s reform creates a single, uniform penny design

    Jan 1, 973Labels: Edgar, reform coinage

    • Museum Vic
    • Cambridge Core
    • Numista

12. Æthelred II’s “Crux” type reflects late-10th-century recoinage

    Jan 1, 991Labels: thelred II, Crux type

    • Numista
    • Baldwin

13. Cnut’s later “Short Cross” pennies circulate across England

    Jan 1, 1029Labels: Cnut, Short Cross

    • Aberdeen Mus
    • Baldwin

14. Norman Conquest ends Anglo-Saxon rule, not the penny system

    Oct 14, 1066Labels: Norman Conquest, William I

    • Museum Vic
    • Numista