Amenemhat IV and Succession Dynamics of the Late 12th Dynasty (c. 1814–1806 BCE)

1. Amenemhat IV succeeds Amenemhat III

   Jan 1, 1814 BCELabels: Amenemhat IV, Amenemhat III

   • Abydos List
   • Saqqara Canon
   • Amenemhat IV

2. Turin Canon records Amenemhat IV’s reign length

   Jan 1, 1814 BCELabels: Turin Canon

   • Turin Canon
   • Amenemhat IV

3. Metropolitan Museum suggests Amenemhat IV attribution for royal head

   Jan 1, 1810 BCELabels: Metropolitan Museum, royal portraiture

   • Met Museum

4. Sobekneferu succeeds Amenemhat IV

   Jan 1, 1805 BCELabels: Sobekneferu

   • Britannica
   • Sobekneferu

5. Turin Canon records Sobekneferu’s reign length

   Jan 1, 1805 BCELabels: Turin Canon, Sobekneferu

   • Turin Canon
   • Sobekneferu

6. Kumma Nile-level record attests Sobekneferu’s Year 3

   Jan 1, 1803 BCELabels: Kumma, Nubian fortress

   • Sobekneferu
   • Britannica

7. Eastern Desert inscription indicates Sobekneferu reached Year 4

   Jan 1, 1802 BCELabels: Eastern Desert

   • Sobekneferu
   • Turin Canon

8. Sobekneferu attested by British Museum cylinder seal EA16581

   Jan 1, 1802 BCELabels: British Museum, cylinder seal

   • British Museum
   • Sobekneferu

9. Building evidence at Kom el-Akareb credits Sobekneferu

   Jan 1, 1802 BCELabels: Kom el-Akareb, Heracleopolis Magna

   • Sobekneferu

10. Death of Sobekneferu ends the 12th Dynasty

    Jan 1, 1801 BCELabels: Sobekneferu

    • Britannica
    • Second Int Period

11. Transition to the 13th Dynasty after late-12th succession break

    Jan 1, 1800 BCELabels: 13th Dynasty

    • Second Int Period

12. Amenemhat IV appears in Abydos King List

    Jan 1, 1290 BCELabels: Abydos King, Seti I

    • Abydos List
    • Amenemhat IV

13. Amenemhat IV appears in Saqqara Tablet tradition

    Jan 1, 1250 BCELabels: Saqqara Tablet

    • Saqqara Canon
    • Saqqara Tablet
    • Amenemhat IV

14. Mazghuna pyramids excavated; attributed to final 12th rulers

    Jan 1, 1911Labels: Mazghuna pyramids, Ernest Mackay

    • Sobekneferu